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CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 
1809. 1909, 



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Jton J^ounbers of Bncjlanb, 
Jtelanb, anb Males. 



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Centenary Souvenir 



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1909 



164, Chorlton Road, Brooks' Bar, 
Manchester. 



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MANCHESTER : 
Taylor, Garnett, Evans, & Co., Ltd. ; also at Reddish and 

London 



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OCT 151948 



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CONTENTS. 

Page 

Introduction 7 

History of the Society — 

From 1809 to 1830 11 

From 1831 to 1850 30 

From 1851 to 1870 37 

From 1871 to 1890 50 

From 1891 to 1908 59 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Present General Trustees 10 

First Club House, Bolton-le-Moors 14 

First Emblem 28 

Present Emblem 36 

William Harvey 42 

General Office, 200, New Kent Road, London .... 48 

Group of Trade Union Leaders 52 

Daniel Guile 55 

Edward Woods 56 

William Henry Hey 58 

Joseph Maddison 62 

Last Executive Council, London 67 

Arthur Henderson, M.P 68 

General Office, 164, Chorlton Road, Manchester. . 69 

First Executive Council, Manchester 70 

Samuel Masterson 72 

William M. Lawson 73 

Executive Council, 1909 75 

OLD VETERANS. 

Thomas Tupman 77 

Absalom Beech 78 

Andrew Mackereth 79 

James Booley 80 



INTRODUCTION. 




J/, 

N preparing this Souvenir in celebration of the 

Centenary of the Society, no attempt has been 

made to write a full and detailed history of 

the work accomplished during the long period 

of its existence, but rather to focus attention 

on the most important events that have 

transpired during that time. 

The history of the Iron Founders' Society is reflected 
in the struggles and aspirations of the workers during 
the past century. Its efforts to secure and maintain 
better conditions for its members have been continuous, and 
whatever success has attended these efforts is due to the 
fact that in the darkest periods of its history there has always 
been a remnant who were prepared to make any sacrifice 
rather than give up their membership, and see the Society 
dissolved. 

If any justification was needed to show that Trade 
Unionism has been an important factor in the emancipation 
of labour, the Society supplies it. Started at a time when the 
condition of the workers was probably worse than at any 
previous period in the history of the country, it has helped 
to remove the conditions that then prevailed, and helped 
to secure the right to combine and protect the labour of its 
members. 

While the amounts paid in the various benefits give 
reasonable grounds for satisfaction, the primary object of the 
Society, i.e., the protecting of the trade interests of th.e 
members, has not been neglected, as will be seen l)y the 



8 Introduction. 

sacrifices made at different periods of its history in resisting 
unjust demands and securing better conditions ; and the 
later period in the history of the Society shows that we 
have availed ourselves of the new force in the labour move- 
ment and, by supporting a Parliamentary Representative, 
are doing our part toward the emancipation and consolidation 
of labour. 

There is one special trait that has characterised the 
Society from its formation down to the present time, and that 
is the spirit of craftship that has existed among the members. 
This feeling has caused the members to refuse to recognise 
any body of workmen as suitable for membership who are not 
considered as being competent moulders. This spirit, while 
it has played an important part in holding the members 
together, has proved detrimental in not recognising the fact 
that for this last twenty or thirty years, a system of simplifi- 
cation and specification of work has gone on in the trade, 
with the result that much of the work, both in core-making 
and moulding, that used to be made by our members, is now 
being made by partially skilled workmen, and who are outside 
the control of the Society. It is to be hoped, in the interest 
of the Society, that some means will shortly be devised that 
will bring all those engaged in any kind of moulding into one 
Society, and under one government. 



HISTORY OF THE SOCIETY. 




1809 TO 1830. 

HE Friendly Society of Iron Founders was 
established at Bolton-le-Moors, in Lan- 
cashire, on February 6th, 1809, under the 
title of The Friendly Iron Moulders' Society, 
and has now reached its century of continuous 
existence. It originated and was formed by a 
few moulders, who felt dissatisfied with their condition and 
had sufficient foresight to recognise that organising themselves 
was the best method of improving these conditions. That 
they acted wisely in arriving at this decision is shown by 
the fact that at the present time we number 19,019 members, 
with an annual income of £78.757, and accumulated funds 
amounting to £55,849. 

We may therefore claim that our position is unique in the 
Trade Union Movement, and in its history, as, although there 
are one or two small societies that were in existence previous 
to ours and have continued up to the present time, there is 
no other society that in any way approaches us in numbers 
and importance that can show an unbroken century's record. 

Our admiration and appreciation of the efforts made by 
the pioneers in forming the Society is strengthened by the 
fact that they had to carry out their objects under the most 
adverse conditions. The infamous Combination Laws were 
passed in 1799, and were not repealed until fifteen years 
after the formation of the Society. During the whole of this 
time the proceedings of the Society were illegal, and ren- 
dered all its members liable to criminal prosecution. In 



12 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

addition to this, it was probably the darkest period in the 
industrial history of this country. The long war on the 
Continent had drained the country of its resources ; food 
was scarce and dear ; employment difficult to obtain and 
badly remunerated. The workmen, uneducated and im- 
organised, were practically at the mercy of the employers. 
A graphic description of the state of things that existed in 
the early years of the last century is given in Mr. and Mrs. 
Sydney Webb's " History of Trade Unionism," where the 
writers say : — 

" Under the shadow of the French Revolution, the English 
governing classes regarded all associations of the common 
people with the utmost alarm. 

" In this general terror lest insubordination should develop 
into rebellion were merged both the capitalist objection to 
high wages and the politicians' dislike to Democratic insti- 
tutions. The Combination Laws, as Francis Place tells us, 
* were considered absolutely necessary to prevent ruinous 
extortions of workmen, which if not thus restrained, would 
destroy the whole of the trade, manufactures, commerce, and 
agriculture of the nation.' This led to the conclusion that the 
workmen were the most unprincipled of mankind. Hence 
the continued ill-will, suspicion, and in almost every possible 
way, the bad conduct of workmen and their employers toward 
one another. 

" So thoroughly was this false notion entertained that 
whenever men were prosecuted to conviction for having com- 
bined to regulate their wages or the hours of working, how- 
ever heavy the sentences passed on them were, and however 
rigorously it was inflicted, not the slightest feeling of com- 
passion was manifested for the unfortunate sufferers. 

" Justice was entirely out of the question. They could 
seldom obtain a hearing before a magistrate, never without 
impatience or insult, and never could they calculate on even 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. I3 

an approximation to a rational conclusion. Could an 
accurate account be given of proceedings of hearings before 
magistrates, trials at sessions, and in the Court of King's Bench, 
the gross injustice, the foul invective, and terrible punishments 
inflicted would not after a few years have passed away be 
credited on any but the best evidence."* 

Unfortunately we have no documentary evidence of the 
Society's proceedings during the first twenty years of its 
existence. This is not surprising when we consider the 
conditions under which the work of the society was carried on. 
We have of necessity to rely on tradition, and one well- 
authenticated tradition is that in the earlier period of its 
history the officers had to meet at night in a field for the 
purpose of receiving the contributions of its members, and 
had to bury the books to prevent them being seized by the 
authorities. 

We are able here to reprint the first code of Rules, that 
came into force on June 19th, 1809. It will be noted that the 
Rules are signed by twenty-three members. When presented 
at a General Meeting of the Society for their acceptance, the 
names of 119 members appear, which probably constituted 
the total membership of the Society at that time. 

RULES AND ORDERS TO BE OBSERVED BY THE 
FRIENDLY IRONMOULDERS' SOCIETY. 

Instituted 6th February, 1809, 

Preamble. 
It having been an ancient and most laudable custom for divers 
Artists, within the United Kingdom, to meet and form 
themselves into Societies, for the sole purpose of assisting 
each other, in case of Sickness, Old Age, and other Infirmi- 
ties, and for the Burial of the Dead. Under these circum- 



♦ Webb's " History ^of Trade Unionism," p. 64. 



14 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 




"Hand and Banner.' 



CENTENARY;.SOUVENIR. 15 

stances, the Members composing this Society have agreed to 
raise a Fund for the Purposes aforesaid ; and further agree 
to the following Articles or Rules, drawn up and approved by 
a Committee selected for that purpose. 



The Society is now held at Mr. James Isherwood's, the Sign of 
the Hand and Banner, in Bolton-le-M oors, Lancashire. 



Bolton, 

PRINTED BY J. GARDNER, FOR J. HAWORTH. 

1811. 



RULES, ORDERS, &c. 
Article i. 



T 



HAT this Society shall be called the Friendly Ironmoulders' 
Society, and is instituted for the purposes of mutual relief, in 
cases of old age, sickness and infirmity, and for the burial of 
their dead. The times of meeting are every first Monday in 
each calendar month, at seven o'clock in the evening ; each 
member at the first meeting (the first Monday in August next) 
shall pay six shillings for entrance and articles, and every suc- 
ceeding meeting to deposit one shilling to the box, and three- 
pence for liquor, to be spent whether present or not. 

II. That any member neglecting to pay his contribution for 
three succeeding monthly nights shall be fined sixpence, and for 
non-payment the fourth night to be excluded ; each member's 
quarter to commence from his last payment. Such members so 
excluded may be admitted again, if his character be approved of, 
upon the same footing as a new member. The secretary to sum 
mon members who are indebted three months within eight days 
after his third monthly night, or for every neglect shall be fined 
one shilling. He shall be allowed twopence for each summons, 
to be paid by the member so summoned. 

III. That this Society shall consist of ironmoulders only, 
who shall meet together at the house and time before-mentioned, 



l6 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

or such other times as shall be agreed on hereafter by a majority 
of the members assembled at any of their meetings relative to 
the said Society. 

N.B.—The quarterly meetings are the first Mondays in 
January, April, July, and October. 

IV. That all monies collected from the members of this 
Society, for the purpose of raising a fund for the benefit and 
relief of such persons respectively as shall become entitled 
thereto, shall not be otherwise applied than in the manner pre- 
scribed and limited by these articles. 

V. That this Society shall be governed by a president and 
two stewards, the president to maintain order, or be fined six- 
pence for every neglect, to be levied by the stewards. The senior 
steward to take money, the junior steward to check against the 
secretary. The president to be chosen every quarterly night, one 
member to be named by the president, and one by each steward, 
and one of the three shall be chosen by a majority then present. 
The stewards to come in ofitice every quarter, as they stand upon 
the roll ; for refusal of each office, each and every one to be fined 
two shillings and sixpence, if they reside within two miles of 
the house where the club is held ; the absence of members, except 
occasioned by sickness or imprisonment for debt, to be con- 
sidered as a refusal. The president, stewards, and secretary 
shall attend within one quarter of an hour after seven o'clock, or 
send their key or keys, or be fined sixpence, and some other 
member shall represent them for that evening ; but if the officers 
do not attend within the first hour of meeting, or procure some 
member to represent them, he or they so offending shall be fined 
one shilling for each and every such offence. 

VI. That a box be provided for the use of this Society, with 
four different locks and keys, one key to be kept by the landlord, 
who is apnointed treasurer, and who shall give such security to 
the Society, for the property deposited, as shall be approved of, 
one key to be kept by the president, and one by each of the 
stewards : the box to have at the bottom a good drawer with a 
lock and key, which key shall be kept by the secretary, to prevent 
any delay of the business in case the other keys are not brought 
in time. The president and stewards are to see the books closed 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. I7 

at nine o'clock, and see the box carefully delivered to the 
treasurer, and for every neglect thereof to be fined one shilling 
each. 

N.B. — The cash book to be locked u-p in the box, the other 
books and papers to be locked up in the drawer. 

VII. That every person who hath come forward to support 
this Society, and is desirous of becoming a member thereof, 
shall be proposed by some member at a monthly meeting night, 
and if approved of at the next monthly meeting by a majority 
of the members then present, he shall be admitted, by paying 
seven shillings entrance and threepence for liquor. And if 
any ironmoulder should sienify his intention to become a member 
of the Society after the first day of August, and we can lawfully 
prove that he was in possession of full information relative to 
our present intention ; or if any other member can prove the same, 
and he hath not come forward, then such moulder washing to 
enter this Society, shall upon his being admitted a member 
thereof, pay the sums following, as and for his entrance-money, 
viz., if such member does not enter this Society before the 6th 
day of November, 1809, the sum of eight shillings, within three 
months after that period ten shillings and sixpence, within six 
months after that period fifteen shillings, and within twelve 
months after that period twenty-one shillings ; such new member 
only to pay five shillings on the night when he so enters, and 
to be allowed three months from that time to pay the remainder 
of his entrance-money as before stated ; and no member so to be 
admitted as aforesaid shall be entitled to or receive any allowance 
or relief from this Society, until such time as he shall have paid 
up his contribution or entrance-money as aforesaid. And if any 
ironmoulder should wish to become a member of this Society 
after this meeting, and can prove that he had no knowledge of 
this our intention, then and in such case such member shall be 
admitted of this Society, by paying six shillings only for his 
entrance-money. And any person now serving an apprenticeship 
for seven years or a shorter term, whose service expires after 
the first day of May next, or any person who may be bound an 
apprentice after the said first day of May next for seven years, 
and serves that term, shall after the expiration of his said appren- 



l8 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

ticeship, upon being proposed and accepted as aforesaid, be 
admitted by paying one guinea entrance and threepence for 
liquor. 

VIII. That any member who hath paid up the whole of his 
contributions and fines, enlisting in a regular regiment, or engag- 
ing in the sea service, shall neither pay to nor receive any 
benefit from this Society during his absence ; but if he return 
able to work at his trade, he shall be re-admitted as a free mem- 
ber, after being one month at work, and his time of payments 
reckoned to his account from the time of his return. 

IX. That the president, stewards, and secretary shall take 
their places on the monthly meeting nights after which they are 
chosen; the old president and stewards shall deliver up their 
keys, cash, and accounts, with a fair and just balance of their 
trust ; and if there be any deficiency in their accounts before 
delivered to the treasurer, the old stewards shall make it good, 
or be excluded, and proceeded against for the same, if a majority 
of the members think proper ; but if there be any deficiency of 
cash, notes, or stock, receipt or receipts, after it is delivered to 
the treasurer, he shall make it good, or his bond be put in full 
force against him : if the stock agrees with the books, then the 
treasurer, new president, and stewards shall accept the same 
from the old president and stewards. The new president, 
stewards, and secretary shall attend precisely at the hour fixed 
on ; if the old and new president, stewards, and secretary are not 
in the room within a quarter of an hour of the fixed time, each 
and every one of them shall in default be fined one shilling. 

X. That the secretary shall be appointed annually or 
oftener, who shall report the state of the Society's stock every 
quarterly night. The necessary expenses of books, paper, and 
other things for the use of the Society to be defrayed out of the 
stock in the box ; and as a recompense for his trouble to be 
allowed one pound five shillings annually. 

XI. That on the July quarterly meeting in every year, the 
members of this Society shall meet at the house where the Society 
shall then be held, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, and have a 
dinner prepared, towards the expense of which every member 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. I9 

present shall pay his proportionate share, and sixpence for liquor, 
over and above his club money ; and every member within twenty 
miles shall forfeit two shillings to the box for non-attendance 
(sickness or imprisonment for debt only will be admitted as an 
excuse). 

XII. That in order to preserve decency and good order in 
the Society during club-hours, any member introducing political 
discourse, seditious sentiments, or songs, or who shall curse or 
swear, or use any obscene language, or bet any wagers, promote 
gaming, or refuse to keep silence when called on by the president, 
shall for the first offence forfeit twopence, for the second four- 
pence, and for the third sixpence, and be compelled to leave the 
room for that evening ; all such fines to be paid on being incurred, 
or set down double, and if not paid the next club-night, to be 
excluded. 

XIII. To prevent as much as possible any interruptions by 
strangers, any member introducing strangers, without the presi- 
dent's leave, shall be fined sixpence ; or should any stranger give 
his opinion publicly on any question, or hold up his hand on 
any division, or in anywise disturb the Society, he shall be fined 
sixpence, but should he refuse to pay, to be ordered to quit the 
room, and he who introduced him to pay that fine for him. 

XIV. That if any member of this Society, after being a 
member twelve months, and having paid his contributions and 
fines, shall be sick or lame, so as to be unable to follow his 
regular employ, he shall upon producing a certificate thereof, 
signed by a surgeon and some respectable inhabitant, stating 
the nature of his complaint, and that the same is not occasioned 
by intoxication or other misconduct, receive during such indis- 
position the weekly sum of ten shillings, and be excused all fines, 
except for non-payment of monthly monies, during his affliction ; 
and when he is recovered, as if he had paid his contributions and 
fines. Members imprisoned for debt to be excused in like manner 
during their imprisonment. 

XV. That when any member is imprisoned for debt, he 
shall send notice thereof to the secretary, and of the time of his 
imprisonment, which notice if the prisoner neglect to send, he 



20 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

shall be considered as debtor to the box till such time as he doth 
send such notice ; the notice to be read to the Society the monthly 
night following. 

XVI. That if any person belonging to this or any other 
Society, established upon the same principle in any part of this 
kingdom, shall be travelling for want of employment, and shall 
produce to the secretary or stewards of this Society, or any other 
person by them properly authorised, a certificate, acknowledging 
him to belong to such Society, and that he hath paid up his con- 
tributions and fines, such secretary or stewards shall direct him 
to the foreman of the shop or shops in the place where such 
person shall then be, which foreman or foremen shall then make 
application to the master or masters for employment for him, 
and in case he cannot be employed, such person shall, upon 
applying to the treasurer or stewards of the said Society, or such 
person or persons authorised by them as aforesaid, upon pro- 
ducing a certificate signed by the person to whom he last applied, 
and bringing along with him the person who signed the certificate 
or saw the same signed, be provided with his supper, one pint of 
beer, one night's lodging, and two shillings in cash to carry him 
to the next town ; the expenses whereof shall be reimbursed to 
this Society by the society to which such member so relieved shall 
belong. 

XVII. In order to extend the benefits of this Society to the 
utmost of our power, when any member shall arrive at the age 
of sixty years, and has well and truly paid or caused to be paid 
all contributions, fines, or any other arrears, for the space of ten 
years, he shall be allowed for the remainder of his life three 
shillings and sixpence per week ; if fifteen years, six shillings 
per week, and to be allowed to follow any work he can. 

XVIII. Should any member or members who have duly 
paid or caused to be paid all contributions, fines, or other arrears, 
for the space of four years, and through poverty be excluded for 
not continuing his payments, and to be so far reduced within 
the space of twelve calendar months after being so excluded that 
he be in a workhouse, such member on application to the Society 
shall receive two shillings per week during his or their con 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 21 

tinuance in the said workhouse, and the senior steward is required 
to pay the same once each week. 

XIX. When any member who has belonged to this Society 
twelve calendar months shall happen to die, each member within 
the district where such deceased member resided shall contribute 
one shilling for the benefit of the widow or nearest relative, who 
buries the deceased ; the money so subscribed, with what is 
allowed by article 27th, to be paid within forty-eij^ht hours after 
the notice of such decease, out of the box ; and if any member 
who has belonged to this Society six calendar months, or the 
wife or widow of any member (provided she keeps in his name) who 
has belonged to it twelve calendar months, shall happen to die, 
a contribution from every member shall be gathered as above ; 
but nothing shall be allowed from the stock of this Society. 
Members to be allowed two months to pay subscription monies 
in, after being informed by the secretary of such decease, when 
he pays his monthly dues. 

XX. If any member or members shall be found guilty of 
imposing on the box, or knowingly suffer others to impose on it, 
by embezzling any part of the Society's cash, or shall concur or 
connive with any member or members in any unjust actions what- 
ever, to the hurt or wasting of the stock, he or they shall be 
excluded, as soon as it shall be proved to the Society. 

XXI. Any member of this Society refusing to pay any fine 
specified in these articles that he may incur shall be excluded ; 
and all fines or penalties incurred by any member or members 
for the breach of these articles to be put into the box, for the 
increase of the stock ; any officers of this Society screening any 
member from paying his fine shall pay it themselves, with one 
shilling extra for every such offence, or be excluded. 

XXII. Should any dispute arise at any time that these 
articles cannot determine, the president shall order the secretary 
to issue a general summons, to meet at such time as the then 
majority shall think proper, and when the Society is so met, they 
may determine the matter in dispute, or choose a committee of 
members for that purpose ; every member who resides within 
two miles of the house where the box shall be held, neglecting to 



22 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

attend such summons, shall be fined sixpence for each and every 
such neglect, and the decision of such committee shall be final. 

XXIII. Should the president, stewards, or secretary come 
into the club-room intoxicated, or get intoxicated within the time 
the duties of their offices demand their attention, such officer so 
offending, for every such offence, shall be fined two shillings and 
sixpence ; any member coming into the club-room intoxicated to 
be fined two shillings for every such offence. 

XXIV. Every member of this Society who may have the 
misfortune to labour under afflictions, or be imprisoned for debt, 
shall, when recovered from sickness, or restored to his liberty, 
be allowed two months to pay what arrears might be due to this 
Society before his misfortune. 

XXV. That a marshall be appointed every Cjuarterly night, 
as they stand on the roll, whose office shall be to call for beer, 
and distribute the same without partiality, to be fined sixpence 
for every offence : he shall keep the reckoning, and if he calls 
for more beer than the club allows that night, he shall pay for 
it himself. Any person calling for beer, without liberty from the 
marshall, shall be fined one shilling for every such offence. The 
marshall or any other person drinking out of their turn shall 
be fined sixpence (except the officers at the table, or a member at 
his first coming into the room). The marshall for non-attendance 
shall be subject to the same fines as the other officers so offending, 
agreeable to article 5th. 

XXVI. At the monthly meeting preceding the club dinner 
every year three auditors shall be appointed from the Society, in 
the following manner : One shall be appointed by the secretary, 
one by the Society, and one by the officers. The auditors so 
appointed shall examine the secretary's accounts, and if found 
right, shall sign their names in the cash book, which signature 
shall be sufficient discharge for the year past ; but if any omission 
or deficiency appear, they shall call upon the secretary for an 
explanation of the matter before them, and if he explain it to 
their satisfaction, no further notice shall be taken of it ; but if 
they are still dissatisfied and think it necessary to make it public, 
they shall report it at the next monthly meeting, and the members 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 23 

then present, or a majority of them, shall act as shall be then 
judged most expedient for the good of the Society. The books, 
when signed, shall be open two hours for the inspection of the 
members on the feast day, and the auditors shall answer any 
proper questions, asked through the medium of the chair, respect- 
ing the accounts of the Society. 

N.B. — The auditors to be allowed one shilling each for their 
trouble. 

XXVII. That in case of any member's death, who has well 
and truly paid or caused to be paid his contributionSj fines, and 
all other arrears for the space of one whole year, the widow of 
the deceased, or nearest relative, shall receive one pound from 
the box of this Society, towards defraying the funeral expenses ; 
if having been a member two years, two pounds; and if three 
years or upwards, three pounds, to be paid by the stewards within 
forty-eight hours after the notice received by the secretary. 
Notice of the death of a member to be sent immediately, and the 
secretary to inform the stewards within twenty-four hours after 
such information ; the stewards shall see the body, if within two 
miles of the house where the Society shall then be held, and 
report the same to the Society the meeting night after. 

XXVIII. That a majority of the members of this Society, at 
any quarterly meeting, may alter these rules, or may make new 
ones as may be found necessary for the better government of 
the Society. 

XXIX. That if any member shall propose or attempt, either 
publicly or privately, to break up, or encourage the breaking up 
of this Society, he or they so offending shall, upon the same being 
satisfactorily proved, forfeit one guinea, or for ever after be 
deprived of the benefit of this Society. 

XXX. It is mutually agreed upon that any member who 
shall be travelling, and who shall not produce a certificate signed 
by the foreman, or some workman of the shop where he last 
worked, stating that he was not discharged from his employ for 
improper or illegal conduct, he shall not receive the benefit of 
this Society ; neither shall any member who applies to this Society 
for relief sooner than six months after having been there relieved ; 
and the person signing such certificate knowing of such improper 



24 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



or illegal conduct, shall be deprived the benefit of this Society, 
and never after be admitted a member. 

XXXI. That the oldest son of any member of this Society, 
who shall be serving an apprenticeship with his father for seven 
years, and such member shall happen to die before the expiration 
of the said apprenticeship, and the said son having attained the 
age of seventeen years, or when he shall attain the age 
of seventeen years, shall immediately become entitled to his 
father's interest in the said Society, upon paying up the fines his 
father might be in arrear, the first quarterly night after his 
father's decease. 



Bolton^ i()th June, 1809. 

At a general meeting of the members of this Society, the fore- 
going rules were agreed to and approved. 



Thomas Bramah 
Abram Thomas 
John Thomas 
William Smith 
Guy Warwick 
George Taylor 
Charles Bell 
John Swift 
Thomas Chapham 
William Crowley 
Thomas Walker 
John Walker 
Thomas Crowther 
Thomas Price 
Anthony Barrase 
James Williams 
James Pickard 
Richard Price 
James Harker 
John Blankley 
George Smediey 
George Frith 
Thomas Mather 
James Russell 
Robert Sliser 
John Musgrove 
Alexander Petrie 
John Petrie 
Thos. Hasselgraves 
Robert Bassett 
Moses Horfield 
Joseph Craven 
Richard Herd 
John Greenwood 
Joshua Brook 
John Parkin 
Edward Evans 
Leonard Grime 
James Parker 
John Forster 



John Hutchinson 
Ebenezer Smith 
Andrew Atkin 
John Grice 
John Bottley 
John Bayley 
John Onions 
William Girt 
John Smith 
John Dudin 
Anthony Martin 
Job Gregory 
John Matthews 
Edward Williams 
Minrod Furnisa 
Chris Martin 
Fr. Wilde 
John Salt 
William Rowden 
George Walker 
Joseph Walker 
Joseph Rider 
Henry Simpson 
Thomas Simpson 
George Mother 
William Price 
James Wilde 
William Jackson 
Henry Taylor 
Thomas Prince 
William Roberts 
William Millar 
William Melden 
John Middleton 
Thomas Swift 
John Evans 
Samuel Hunter 
Daniel Ackett 
Thomas Robinson 
John Dunkley 



Samuel Hartley 
Thomas Whittaker 
Stephen Richmond 
William Taylor 
John Beech 
John Cooke 
Joseph Houseley 
William Floyd 
Samuel Crosby 
Isaac Taylor 
Edward Simpson 
John Bayley 
Joseph Hampsmith 
Edmund Skinner 
Richard Ratclifle 
Mansfield Hickman 
William Hadley 
Thomas Parker 
Stephen Noble 
Edward Noble 
John Morton 
John Bower 
Joseph Thompson 
Thomas Kenrick 
Michael Brinton 
Richard Robinson 
Paul Crookes 
Thomas Wilkes 
William Howell 
Samuel Bury 
James Dunkerley 
William Jackson 
John Sandiford 
Samuel Harding 
Robert Broadbent 
John Gommerson 
Elisha Priestley 
Francis Jowls 
John Radclifl 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 25 

LANCASHIRE, ■) 

TO WIT. S 



B 



E IT REMEMBERED, That at the general Quarter Session 
of the Peace of our Lord the King, holden at the New Bayley 
Court-house, within Salford, in and for the Hundred of Salford, 
m the said County (by adjournment), on Wednesday, the nine- 
teenth Day of July, in the forty-ninth Year of the Reign of our 
Sovereign Lord GEORGE the Third, by the Grace of God of the 
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King, Defender 
of the Faith : BEFORE THOMAS BEARD, RALPH WRIGHT, SAMUEL 
Taylor, Esquires, and others, their Fellow-justices of our said 
Lord the King, assigned to keep the Peace in the County afore- 
said, and also to hear and determine divers Felonies, Trespasses, 
and other Misdemeanours committed in the same County. 

The several Rules, Orders, and Regulations of the IRON- 
MOULDERS' SOCIETY, held at Bolton, in the said Hundred 
and County, are by the Justices now here, after due Examination 
thereof, allowed and confirmed, pursuant to the Statutes in that 
Case made and provided. 

EDWARD GORST, 
Deputy Clerk of the Peace. 

Besides the laws we have inserted a list of the members who 
originated the Society; also a copy of the sanction granted by the 
magistrates at Salford New Bailey, July 19th, 1809, allowing 
the laws, as they could see no harm in them ; and a copy of the 
lawyer's bill of costs for carrying the laws through the court and 
obtaining the sanction referred to. 

Bolton, 19th June, 1809. 
At a general meeting of the members of this Society, the fore- 
going Rules and Articles were unanimously agreed to. 

ROBERT SLICER. SAMUEL CROSSLEY. 

JAMES RUSSELL. SAMUEL x BURY. 

DANIEL ARKAT. WILLm. x ALLICOCK. 

HENRY SIMPSON. WILLIAM TAYLOR. 

THOS. X SIMPSON. STEPHEN RICHMOND. 

THOS. BRAMAH. JOHN x GOMERSIDE. 

THOS. NEEDHAM. MATTHIAS MATHER. 

ELISHA X PRIESTLEY. JOS. LONGBOTTOM. 

FRANCIS JOULE. JOHN MUSGRAVE. 

GEO. X FRITH. JOHN BLANKLEY. 

GEORGE X SMEDLEY. JAMES ENTWISTLE. 
JOHN TOOTELL. 



26 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

Those names having a "x" between the Christian Name and 
Surname, have also the words "his mark" written under each. 

"Manchester, 19th July, 1809. 
" We do not see anything in these rules contrary to the Act. 

"MILNE, SERGEANT, & MILNE." 

New Bailey Court House, Salford, 19th July, 1809. 
At a General Quarter Sessions of the Peace held here by 
adjournment, in and for the County Palatine of Lancaster, these 
rules were allowed. 

E. GORST, Dep. C. P. 

Mr. Bleakley, for the Ironmoulders. 

To RALPH BOARDMAN, Debtor. 

1809. £ 8. d. 

Feb. 13. Attending the Magistrates with Rules lU 6 

Perusing the same 13 4 

April 13. Paid Carriage of Parcel, enclosing Rules 1 

Attending you and perusing same, before copied on 

parchment 6 8 

Writing to Milne, Sergeant, and Company, and Copy 3 6 
Journey to Manchester, by order of Mr. Sergeant, 

horse hire, and expenses 2 12 6 

„ 18. Making two Copies of your Articles, 18 sheets 3 

Paid for Parchment and for Book 4 4 

,, 24. Clerk attending at the Hand and Banner and read- 
ing over the Articles, and getting same signed ..068 

Paid expenses there and at tlae Woolpack 2 4 

Paid Journey to Manchester to get these Articles 

allowed, horse hire, and expenses 2 12 6 

June 12. Attending you and reading over the Rules previovis 

to being printed 3 6 

Attending upon Mr. Gardner to print same 3 6 

„ 15. Writing to the Clerk of the Peace previous to the 

Rules being printed 3 6 

Carriage of same 1 2 

,, 16. Perusing the Articles as printed, and correcting the 

press 13 4 

19. Making alterations as agreed upon in the original 

filed 6 8 

29. Paid for Printing Articles 5 1 6 

J uly 3. Writing Letter to the Clerk of the Peace with the 

Articles altered and attending to book same .... 6 8 

Paid carriage of same both ways 2 4 

„ 13. Paid Carriage of Articles as approved of 1 

Perusing, Examining, and Finally Settling same .068 
,, 22. Journey to Manchester, when business was finally 

allowed, horse hire, and expenses 2 2 

Paid Carriage of rules as allowed 1 

Paid Mr. Sergeant for perusing same 10 6 

Drawing Certificate for allowance and fair copy for 

Mr. Gardner 5 

Paid Mr. Gardner for printing same 15 

Bin of costs and copy 3 

£21 19 8 



^Do^ 111 ^^- J-S- ^21 



Balance 19 8 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 27 

1809. £ 8. d. 

To Balance brought forward 19 8 

Nov. 7. Attending Sessions on your behalf against Smedley 7 6 
„ 29. Drawing and engrossing bond of indemnity as a 

security for the box at Manchester 13 4 

1810. 

Feb. 19. Attending Sessions this day on behalf of Burns's son 7 6 

£2 8 
By error of two charges of 78. 6d. each 15 u 

£1 13 
July 3rd, 1810— By cash £1 13 0, 

RD. BOARDMAN. 

Those Rules, the first that were framed for the government 
of the Society, are interestmg as showing the intentions of 
those responsible for them. That they did not intend its 
influence to be confined to one district is shown by Rule XVI., 
which makes provision for members travelling in search of 
employment. This Rule has played such an important 
part in the history of the Society, especially in its earlier 
stages, that it deserves attention and consideration, as it 
was nearly forty years before out-of-work benefit was paid to 
those who did not travel. The members must have been 
satisfied that it was serving a useful purpose, or they would 
not have continued it so long. That this benefit was 
prominent in the minds of the members in the early history 
of the Society is shown by the first emblem, where the moulder 
with a pack on his back is saying to the foreman, " Brother 
craft, can you give me a job ? " And the answer is, " If we 
cannot, we will assist you." 

One of the greatest benefits to the Society was that it 
fostered and encouraged a spirit of independence among the 
members, which would not have existed without it, and its 
influence has helped to make the moulder what he still 
remains, one of the most stubborn fighters in the ranks of 
Unionism. Another benefit was that men on travel often pene- 
trated into remote districts, where, if it had not been for their 
presence, Trade Unionism would not have been heard of. Some 
of our oldest branches were started through the influence of 
men who had come on travel, and brought their Unionist 



28 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



principles with them. In the early days of the movement, 
when there was no cheap press, and means of transit were 
difficult, the man on travel would be able to impart informa- 
tion to his fellow workmen on wages and conditions of work 
existing in other parts of the country — information that must 
have been a great advantage to those who otherwise could 
not have obtained it. Its influence has extended up to the 




-j/.-f^^)^ 



First Emblem. 

present time, as we have probably more members continually 
on the road than any other section of the Iron Trade. We also 
have a few who are worthy successors of the early stalwarts, 
as they are continually on travel, and wiU no doubt continue 
to do so until they reach that bourne from whence no 
traveller ere returns. 

That the Society was extending its influence during the 
period dealt with in this chapter is shown by the fact that not 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 29 

only were branches established in Lancashire and Yorkshire, 
but also at London and other parts of the country. And the 
Dublin branch have in their possession a code of Rules written 
on parchment and sanctioned by the authorities. They are 
dated January loth, 1823, 3-nd are almost identical with the 
first code, with one or two exceptions. The entrance fee is 
fixed at 30s., and apprentices are allowed to enter in the last 
year of their apprenticeship, that is, if they are serving seven 
years. They also fix the funeral benefit at the same amount 
as at present, with this exception, that the money was paid 
from the box, and each member had to contribute is. 6d. 
towards defraying this expense. 

It is interesting to know what contributions were paid by 
the members up to 1830. We find the fixed amounts were 
as follows : i8og, is. 3d. per month ; 1810, 2s. 3d. ; 1812, 
IS. 3d. ; 1813, IS. gd. ; 1818, 2s. ; 1827, 3s., an amount below 
which it has never been reduced. In addition to these fixed 
amounts there must have been a considerable amount paid 
in levies of different kinds. 

That it was necessary for the members to make serious 
sacrifices in order to carry on the work of the Society during 
this period, is shown by the fact that in 1826-7 the numbers 
declined considerably, and the contributions had to be 
raised in order to meet the increased expenditure. 

One cannot close this chapter without bearing testimony 
to the tenacity and fidelity of the pioneers in this trying 
period of the Society's history. They have long since gone 
over to the majority, and it is due to their efforts and self- 
sacrifice that we enjoy the benefits of the Society to-day, 
and are able to carry on our work under conditions that were 
unknown at that time. 



30 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

1831 TO 1850. 

In 1 83 1 we find the first statistics as to membership and 
the financial position of the Society At that time we had 44 
branches, with a total membership of 1,120, and a balance in 
hand of £1,803, averaging £1. 12s. 2jd. per member. In 1833 
the income from contributions was £2,607, and expenditure 
£2,106, of which sum £820 was expended for travelling benefit. 

The early thirties was an exciting time in the Trade 
Union movement. A National Association was formed that 
included in its ranks all sections of workmen, and for a short 
time made rapid progress. We cannot find that the Moulders' 
Society was at any time affiliated with this Association. 
Many of the societies imposed an oath of loyalty and secrecy 
on their members, and an elaborate ritual on their initiation. 
We cannot trace anything of this kind in connection with our 
Society. The members seemed as far as possible to have 
confined their efforts to the organisation of the skilled work- 
men in their own trade, and those who entered the Society 
that had not served their apprenticeship to the trade were 
penalised by having to pay an increased entrance fee, known 
as non-servitude money. In spite of those restrictions, and 
the conservative methods adopted, the members in 1837 
had more than doubled since 1831. 

1837 seems to have been an eventful year in the society's 
history. In that year a circular was issued to the members 
from Manchester, then the head-quarters of the Society, 
asking for information as to the number of men who were 
outside the Society that were qualified to enter, and the 
number unqualified ; also the number of boys, bound and 
unbound, working at the trade. In answer to this circular, 
the following replies were received : Number of members, 
2,312 ; quahfied to enter, 1,376 ; unqualified, 631 ; boys, 
bound apprentices 677, unbound 1,209. Other questions 
were asked and answered. One was why so many were out 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 31 

of the society, and the best means of extending its influence. 
The generally expressed opinion was that the entrance fee 
and the contributions were too heavy. As a result of these 
answers, the Committee recommended some drastic changes 
in the constitution of the Society. Among other changes 
advocated was the lowering of the entrance fee, allowing 
members over 35 years of age to enter the Society, the forma- 
tion of a second-class membership, who should pay is. 6d. 
per month and los. entrance fee, and only be entitled to dispute 
pay. A delegate meeting was held in Manchester during this 
year ; some of these suggestions were acted upon, and appear 
in a copy of Rules printed in 1837. 

All this tends to show that the members saw the necessity 
of extending the influence of the Society and placing it on a 
firmer basis, it being evident that the methods of government 
had become unsuitable for its enlarged area. The first half- 
yearly report was issued in 1837, '^^'^^ ^^^ Manchester Branch 
was made the seat of government. The General Secretary 
was elected annually by the Manchester Branch. The power 
to elect a General Management Committee was vested in the 
seat of government, the said committee to consist of twenty- 
one members, with power to elect their own chairman. 
Donation benefit of los. per week, to continue for four weeks, 
was sanctioned. This same donation was abolished in 1841 
and not heard of again until 1849. 

The following, taken from the Rules of 1837, "^^ill t)e of 
interest, as showing what was in the minds of the members 
at that time : " That, considering the heavy work and fatigue 
to which its members are subject ; that if a member work 
two hours after his regular day's work he shall receive time and 
a quarter, for four hours time and half ; after that, double 
time ; also to be paid double time should he be called upon to 
work on Sunday. And we also consider thai eighl hours is 
sufficienl for a regular day's work, the same to come into practice 
as early as possible." It is now over 70 years since this 



32 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

opinion was formulated, and we have not yet succeeded in 
obtaining the eight-hours' day only in a few of our shops. 

One result of these changes in the constitution of the Society 
and the increased activity of the members was shown in its 
growth during the next three years, for we find that in 1840 
the branches had increased from 47 to 59,with 3,498 members. 

The years 1840, 1841, and 1842 were marked by a severe 
depression of trade, and severely tested the loyalty and 
fidelity of the members. In 1840 the total expenditure reached 
the enormous sum of £11,457, more than double the recorded 
income. How much of this was spent in dispute it is im- 
possible to say. That a considerable sum was spent in the 
protection of their labour is certain, but the travelling benefits 
appear to have absorbed the largest share of the expenditure. 

The serious condition of trade, with the suffering entailed 
from 1840 to 1843, is shown by the following figures. The 
membership declined from 3,498 in 1840, to 2,427 in 1842 ; 
the total income fell from £9,061 in 1841 to £4,106 in 1843 ; 
the total expenditure went up to £11,457 in 1840 and £9,668 
in 1841. This left the Society in debt to members and friends 
at the close of 1841. 

In 1843, the seat of Government was removed to London, 
that being then the largest branch, with 320 members, as 
against 270 at Manchester. At the close of this period of bad 
trade, strenuous efforts were made to organise and improve 
the Society, trade had revived, and in 1845 the out-of-work 
benefit paid was less than at any previous period in the 
history of the Society. 

As showing that the members at this period had similar 
grievances as exist at the present time, a circular was issued 
in 1845 to the members, calling attention to the formation of 
an Association of the Lancashire Foundry Masters, who bound 
themselves not to employ any moulder who did not produce a 
written character or quittance paper from his last employer. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 33 

The circular advised a strenuous resistance to this system, and 
supported those members who lost their employment through 
refusing to produce a quittance paper from their last employer. 
This appears to have been the commencement of the character- 
note system, which is at the present time extensively used by 
the Federated Employers, with this difference, that at that 
time the man had to take the paper himself, while now it is 
sent from one employer to another, without giving the work- 
man an opportunity of knowing what it contains. 

There appears at this time to have been a determined 
attempt on the part of the Lancashire employers to break up 
the Society by giving the men notice to either leave the 
Society or terminate their employment. The following is 
a copy of the document the men were requested to sign : — 

" I, the undersigned, agree to observe all the rules in force 
in the shop of Messrs. A. & B., and further that I will not 
hinder or molest or annoy any person in their employ in the 
fulfilment of the duties of the situation he may be placed in 
by the masters. And if ever I am a member of a sick society 
I will do my utmost to the best of my abilities to prevent it 
being made into a trade society or combination club. — 
Signed, J. M." 

To the credit of the men, they one and all refused to sign 
this document, with the result that it was withdrawn. 

In 1845 a grant of £5 was made to the National Testimonial 
to Rowland Hill. During this year there was great discon- 
tent with the way in which the dispute levies were collected 
and distributed, and it was urged that the right of the 
branches to decide when a dispute should take place should 
be taken from them and placed in the hands of the E.G. 
This discontent and unrest caused a delegate meeting to be 
held in 1846. This meeting was a most important one, and 
was attended by 58 delegates from 54 branches. They sat 
for twelve days, and made several important alterations in 
the Rules, payment of members of the E.G. was instituted, 



34 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

the old liquor allowance at meetings was changed from beer 
to money, its disbursement being made optional. The 
restriction hitherto imposed on the superannuated members, 
viz., that their total earnings should not exceed 12s. a week, 
was removed, and they were allowed to earn what they could. 
The travelling allowance was increased from |d. to id. per 
mile. The levy in case of disablement was replaced by a fixed 
grant of £150. The Executive Committee was to consist of 
the General Secretary and seven members elected by the 
governing branch. With a view to the inclusion of as many 
non-Society men as possible, the Society was opened for 
six months to men between 20 and 36 years of age at a reduced 
scale. 

The sanctioning of disputes was transferred from the 
branch meetings to the Executive Committee, whose decision 
was to be final. 

In connection with this alteration, the delegates, in their 
address to the members, made the following statement : 
" The system of allowing disputes to be sanctioned by 
meetings of our members, generally labouring under some 
excitement or other, or misled by a plausible letter from the 
scene of dispute, is decidedly bad. Our members do not feel 
that responsibility in these occasions which they ought. 
They are liable to be misled. A clever speech, party feelings, 
a misrepresentation or a specious letter — all or any of these 
may involve a shop or a whole branch in a dispute, unjustly, 
and possibly without the least chance of obtaining their object. 
Our travelling item of expenditure, and the frequency of 
levies, attest the enormous cost of disputes. We are of opinion 
that had a judicious check been given to this system some 
months ago our Reports would have shown a far greater 
amount of cash in hand than they now do. 

" Impressed with the truth of these opinions, we have 
handed over for the future the power of sanctioning disputes 
to the Executive Committee alone. To it we have delegated 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 35 

the heavy responsibilities connected with the regulation of 
disputes, and we are of opinion that every member of our 
Society will have reason to rejoice at this change. We have 
provided that all information shall reach them which can be 
useful to them, and assist them in deciding for the general 
good. 

" We trust that in future the good sense of our members 
will in co-operation with the Executive, check or prevent 
many rash and ill-timed strikes that otherwise might occur. 

" Let us again request you will see the laws strictly 
enforced. How often have disputes been averted by a few timely 
words with the employers. It is surely no dishonour to explain 
to your employer, the nature and extent of your grievance, 
previous to striking against him. A grievance once removed 
by argument is a victory you may be proud of. Convince 
your employer he has done you wrong, and if he removes it, 
it is not again established. But strike against him and 
obtain your end, and when his day comes he will establish 
it again, and you must, if you wish to remove it, strike again. 
Strikes are prolific, in certain cases they beget others, and the 
means by which we endeavour to remove evils, &c., are often 
the means of aggravating the original, and introducing other 
and perhaps greater ones." 

1845 and 1846 were times of good trade. The cash balance 
nearly doubled itself in 1845, and at the close of 1846 it stood 
at £18,456, an average of £4. 2s. 8d. per member. 1848 and 
1849 were periods of bad trade, and the splendid balance of 
1846 had fallen by the end of 1849 to £214, an average of 
IS. id. per member. In this crisis the Executive Committee 
applied to the Scottish Iron Moulders' Society for a loan of 
£100, a request which was m.ost generously met by a free gift 
of that sum. During this financial crisis many suggestions 
for the improvement of the Society emanated from the 
Branches, one important result being that in 1849 the donative 



36 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



system was established, and so enabled a member to receive 
out-of-work benefit, without having to travel in search of em- 
plovment. This caused a considerable decrease in the amount 
paid for sick benefit, thus proving that there had been 
malingering on this fund by those who did not wish to leave 
their home nnd go on travel. 




Present Emblem, 

During 1850 trade slightly improved, and the crisis of the 
past three years was over. It had been a time of trial for 
the members, many of whom had to make great sacrifices to 
maintain the Society ; and it is creditable to the members 
at that time to find that our numerical strength was well 
maintained, there being very little reduction in our total 
membership during this trying period. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 37 

The General Secretaries whose names we have been able 
to trace, up to 1850 are : Robert Denham, William Mather, 
William Harvey, and John Wroe, all of Manchester, the last- 
named being Secretary at the time of the removal of the 
head-quarters to London. He was succeeded by William 
Glasebrook, who remained General Secretary up to the time 
of a permanent officer being appointed to that position. Mr. 
Glasebrook appears to have been a hard-working and 
intelligent officer ; some of his correspondence is contained in a 
letter book at the General Office. He entered the Society at 
Dudley in 1834, ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ London in 1880. 

1851 TO 1870. 

In 185 1 sanction was given to the branches to conduct 
their business away from public-houses, and the E.G. were 
authorised to allow rent for the same. 

During this year two important matters were the subject 
of discussion through the Society. One was the introduction 
of moulding machines. It appears that a firm at Leeds named 
Fairbarn had patented an improved system of moulding. 
This appears to have been resented by the members unless 
they were allowed to work the machines. In resisting the 
introduction of unskilled workmen on the machines, the 
members say, " we are aware that it is the duty of all 
to carry out any invention or improvement that may be 
brought forward in our several branches, at the same time 
we should take care that our own condition is not made 
worse by the change." 

We here argue that where any invention or improvement 
is brought into any trade, that the workers belonging to that 
trade have a just right to work the same, and not be compelled 
to remain out of work, whilst other men totally unacquainted 
with the business are brought forward to work the said im- 
provements or inventions. 



38 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

So far as Leeds was concerned, the members appear for 
the time to have successfully resisted the introduction of 
unskilled labour into the trade. 

The question of joining the Amalgamated Society of 
Engineers, which had been formed in 1850, was the subject of 
keen discussion in the branches, and a committee was 
appointed at Oldham to consider and report on the desirability, 
or otherwise, of joining. This committee recommended 
amalgamation, and in their report they say : "Is the Iron 
Moulders' Society alone of itself sufficient to withstand all 
the aggressions that are now or in future will be made upon 
its members ? Would not a union of the Iron Moulders' 
Society with the Amalgamated Trades be productive of 
great good, and enable us to overcome obstacles to our progress 
which single-handed we are unable to accomplish ? " 

The recommendations of the Oldham Committee were 
opposed by the thenE.C, who justify their opposition on the 
ground that if we were amalgamated, and suppose trade to be 
in a depressed condition with us as iron moulders, would not 
trade be proportionally depressed among engineers, m.echanics, 
smiths, &c., and through such depression would not the funds 
become exhausted by supporting the unemployed, &c., so 
that we should be unable to support strikes. Would not 
members leave the Society when in embarrassed circum- 
stances, the same as members have left us ? Could not the 
masters then introduce boys in proportion as they do now 
under similar circumstances, and should we not have the want 
of funds and those unconnected with us to contend against 
in a similar proportion that we have evidenced in our own 
experience." 

The E.C. conclude by saying, " We have stood the test of 
more than forty years' experience. We have been baffled 
in our projects, and we have gained our ends. We have w^on, 
and we have lost ; we have been up and we have been down ; 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 39 

we have been in the sunshine and in the storm. We have 
hitherto fought our own battles and we still exist, we are not 
yet vanquished, but we are again on the highway to prosperity. 
Let us go on. Wc have had that experience which has taught 
us the workings of our own Society, we know what it has done, 
and we have a faint idea of what it can do, but to destroy 
our Society and become identified with a new one appears to 
us a farce. Should that eventually prove a failure, what then 
will be the result ? What then must become of those who have 
borne the heat and burden of the day ? All to them, and not 
to them only, but every member, will be lost." 

This discussion culminated in 1852 in a vote being taken 
instructing the E.C. to take steps to bring about amalgamation 
with the engineers. There voted for the proposition 504, 
against 3,063, neutral 538. So far as can be ascertained, the 
question of amalgamation has not been considered by the 
Society since. 

The Engineers' Strike on the abolition of piece-work and 
systematic ov^ertime during the year caused the introduction 
by the employers of what was known as the document, which 
made it a condition of employment that those engaged should 
forswear Trade Unionism. 

Copy of Document the Men were asked to Sign. 
" Declaration made by the undersigned on engaging in the 

employment of . I, A.B., do hereby honestly and in its 

simplest sense and plainest meaning declare that I am neither 
now nor will, while in your employment, become a member 
or contribute to or otherwise belong to or support any trade 
union or society which directly or indirectly by its rules or any 
of its meetings or transactions of its business, or by any means 
of its officers or funds, takes cognisance of, professes to con- 
trol, or interferes with the arrangements or regulations of this 
or any other manufacturing or trade establishment, the hours 
or terms of labour, the contracts or agreements of employer 
or employed, or the qualifications or period of service. I do 
also declare that T have no purpose or intention to call in ques- 



40 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

tion the right of any man to follow any honest calling in 
which he may desire to engage, or to make what arrangement 
and engagement of the workmen he pleases upon whatever 
terms they choose mutually to agree." 

[Signed) 

{Dated) 

(Witnessed) 

This was strenuously opposed by the moulders, and the 
1852 report states that only 177 were excluded for signing 
the document, and that these were principally young men who 
had recently entered the Society. This dispute cost the 
Society over £7,000. That the members were willing to make 
great sacrifices in resisting the demands of the employers is 
shown by the fact that a resolution was carried calling on 
each working member to contribute one day's wages each 
week toward the support of the men on strike. This was paid 
from March 20th, 1852, to June 19th, 1852, a period of 14 
weeks. During the next 11 weeks each working member's 
contribution was a half -day's wages, or one -twelfth of his earn- 
ings. 

The sum of £1,336 was raised by voluntary subscriptions. 
Out of this amount the Scottish Iron Moulders contributed the 
handsome sum of £207. 12s. Qd. During this year it was 
decided by vote of the members that those suffering from 
paralysis or blindness should be entitled to the Accident 
Allowance. 

A proposition that members working overtime should 
pay, in addition to their regular contribution, one shilling for 
each day's overtime worked was lost. A committee con- 
sisting of five members was appointed to enquire into the 
present position and future prospects of the Society, and 
its administrative work generally. 

In 1853 the Society was divided into 13 districts, and 
one member from each district elected to revise the rules. 
A separate superannuation fund was started, but the members, 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 4I 

by a narrow majority, directed the return of the sums con- 
tributed. Among other decisions of the revision committee 
was the assimilation of the travelHng to the donative benefit, 
the old mileage system being abolished, and a weekly allow- 
ance substituted, with beds in addition. 

They also established a fourth-class membership, allowing 
boys from 17 to 20 years of age to enter the Society. This 
rule was expunged at the delegate meeting in 1858. 

One important event during this year was the appoint- 
ment by vote of the members of a General Secretary, who 
was to devote all his time to the work of the Society, to be 
elected for five years, at a salary of £2. 2s. per week. It 
was also decided that the business of the General Office be 
conducted on private premises away from the public-house. 

Mr. William Harvey, who had been elected General 
Secretary, in 1852, in the place of Mr. Glasebrook, was duly 
elected to the office for the first five years. 

Mr. Harvey was born at Dudley, in 1812, and went to 
London in 1849. He resigned the office of G.S. in 1863, 
when he was succeeded by Mr. D. Guile. Mr. Harvey was a 
hard-working, painstaking officer, and it is greatly to his 
credit that out of the chaos that existed in connection with 
the keeping of the accounts of the Society previous to his 
taking office, he succeeded in establishing order and method. 
It is due to his efforts that the complete system of registration 
of members at the General Ofhce was put in operation, and 
the work entailed in collecting the names and dates of members 
must have been enormous. It will easily be seen that previous 
General Secretaries, who had to combine that office with 
that of Branch Secretary and also get their living by working 
at the trade, could not devote much time to this work. Our 
first monthly report was issued during his term of office. On 
his resigning office in 1863 he was presented by the members 
with a gold watch and a silver snuff box. 



42 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



Mr. Harvey died in London, in 1878, in his 66th year. 

In 1854 considerable discussion took place as to the 
stability of the superannuation benefit, and Mr. Neison, a 
noted actuary at that time, was asked by the Society to 
prepare a report, showing the amount required to be paid 
during a period of years, so as to secure an annuity after a 
given time. He gave as his opinion that to be able to pay 
£20 per year it would be necessary to pay the following 




Mr. William Harvey 



amounts annually for a period of 30 years : Age 20, £5. os. 6d. ; 
age 25, £4. 6s. ; age 30, £3. los. ; age 35, £2. 13s. 8d. 

In August, 1854, the first Monthly Report was issued, 
and has been continued each month down to the present 
time. When this Report was issued there were 64 branches 
with 5,793 members. Manchester at that time was the largest 
branch, with 606 members, while London had 420. This 
Report was issued from Wellington Street, Blackfriars Road, 
London, S.E. 



^CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 43 

During this yea^- our present Emblem was first issued 
and sold to the members. Five hundred pounds was also 
set apart for assisting members to emigrate, the scheme being 
that the money should be divided into three portions, and 
that those wishing assistance were to be balloted for — ^that 
was, providing they had deposited one-fifth of their passage 
money in the branch to which they belonged. 

The last Half-yearly Report for this year states that trade 
was very bad, and during the 12 months ending June, 1855, 
the expenditure exceeded the income by £380. 

The year 1855 is noted for the number of propositions 
voted on by the Society, no less than 20 resolutions from the 
different branches being submitted to the vote of the members. 
None of these were of sufficient importance to need mention- 
ing, only as showing the unsettled condition of the Society 
due, no doubt, to the continued depression during the year. 

During 1856 trade somewhat revived, and the number of 
members had increased to over 6,000 at the end of the year. 

In 1857 ^ resolution was carried that a levy of ijd. be 
paid by all members working at the trade for the purpose of 
assisting the shipwrights and ship carpenters, and also in 
watching the proceedings in Parliament with regard to such 
Bills as might be introduced affecting Trade Societies. This 
is the first instance on record of the members levying them- 
selves for the purpose of assisting other societies, and pro- 
tecting their interests in Parliament. 

The year 1858 was marked by a severe depression of 
trade. At the end of April there were 1,343 on unem- 
ployed benefit. The total expenditure for the year was 
£24,578, an amount only once before reached. During the 
year the expenditure exceeded the income by over £10,000 ; 
more than one-fifth of the niembers were out of employmicnt, 
and at the close of the year the cash balance was only £1,620. 
During the year a delegate meeting for the revision of the 
rules was held in Manchester, commencing on October 25th 



44 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

and continuing until December i8th. Owing to the financial 
condition of the Society at this time, the delegates issued a 
circular, inviting members to lend the Society mone}^ at 4 
per cent, interest. 

One of the most important alterations in the Rules made 
by the delegates related to the constitution of the Executive 
Committee, which for the future w^as to consist of the General 
Secretary and seven members of not less than five years' 
membership elected from the London District. 

The Donative Benefit was altered, the total amount a 
member could receive in one year being £16. i8s., after 
which his benefit to cease until he had worked six weeks at 
the trade. 

At this meeting the name of the Societ\' was altered to 
*' The Friendly Society of Iron Founders of England, Ireland, 
and Wales," and this name has continued to the present 
time. The Society, when formed in 1809, was named " The 
Friendly Society of Operative Iron Moulders of Great Britain 
and Ireland." In 1846 it was changed to " The Friendly 
Societ}' of Iron Moulders of England, Ireland, and Wales." 
The only alteration in 1858 was the substitution of the word 
" Founders " for " Moulders." Those Rules were registered 
under the Friendly Societies Act. 

In 1859 ^^ ''Annual Report " was published, and w^as 
continued until 1863. In this " Report " the E.G. state that 
they have reverted to the original s^'Stem of adopting Annual 
Financial Reports. It \\as 21 years since the last " Annual 
Report " was issued ; it consisted of a single sheet, only 
one copy being sent to each branch with the strict injunction 
that it was to be locked up in the branch box and read over to 
the members on the second Monday in July, which was the 
day appointed for the annual feast. It was not until 1859 
that an opportunity was afforded the members to obtain 
the reports by purchasing them if so disposed. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 45 

The " Annual Report " for 1859 also contained the names 
of all those who had received benefit during the year, and 
the amount paid. 

Trade revived during the year, the balance in hand at its 
close being £7,555- 

Trade continued good during i860, resulting in a net 
increase of £8,952. The year 1861 showed a marked contrast 
to the previous year, as the average number unemployed 
during the year was 1,166, and the Unemployed Benefit cost 
£8,000 more than in i860. 

During the year the sum of £35 was granted for assistance 
in the General Office to be continued annually. The names 
and attendances of the Executive Committee were published 
for the first time. 

The year 1862 opened under very adverse circumstances, 
the Secretary stating in the first " Report " for the year that 
it was the worst published since July, 1858. During the year 
a strong effort was made to put the financial affairs of the 
branches in a better condition. Audits that were made 
revealed a generally loose method of conducting the business 
throughout the Society, and as a result numerous cases of 
fraud and embezzlement were discovered. 

It was decided to hold a delegate meeting in London as 
early as possible, and 13 delegates were elected to revise the 
Rules. 

This delegate meeting met at the Southampton Arms. 
Waterloo Road, London, on Whit Monday, May 25th, 1863, 
and continued their sittings until August i8th, 1863, a period 
of 74 days. This was the longest delegate meeting in the 
history of the Society, and probably holds the record so far 
as other societies are concerned. Several important alterations 
were made in the Rules. The Donative Benefit was extended 
to the second year, 5s. per week being allowed. This did not 
continue long, as it was set aside by a vote of the members. 



46 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

The Superannuation Benefit was rearranged, and a member 
with over 30 years' membership, and who was over 60 years 
of age, was allowed 4s. 6d. per week, with 35 years' member- 
ship he was allowed 5s. 6d. per week when not working at 
the trade. When working at the trade they were paid is. 
per week less than the above-named sum, and were chargeable 
with contributions the same as other members. It was also 
decided that an Assistant General Secretary be appointed at 
a salary of £1. i6s. per week, to be elected by the members, 
and to hold office for four years. 

The length of time occupied by the delegates caused the 
members to fight shy of delegate meetings, and it was not 
until 1883— just 20 years after, that another delegate meeting 
was held. 

One recommendation of the delegates is worthy of notice. 
They recommend that a Building Committee be appointed 
to take into consideration the building of suitable premises 
of our own, in which to carry on the work of the Society. 
It was over 40 years from this time before the Society com- 
menced building premises of their own, and the delegates 
who recommended it had long since gone over to the 
majority. 

During this year a deadlock occurred, causing a stoppage 
of work at the General Office. The Appeal Committee having 
decided against a decision of the Executive Committee, and 
the Executive Committee refusing to comply, the matter 
was placed before the Revision Committee, who suspended 
the E.C., and also the General Secretary, who was at that 
time considered a member of the E.C. At that time there 
was no appeal to votes of the members against the decision 
of the Appeal Committee. Mr. Harvey, the G.S., considered 
he had been badly treated in the matter, sent in his resigna- 
tion, but consented to retain office until the delegates had 
finished their work. Nominations for the position of General 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 47 

Secretary were asked for, and Mr. Daniel Guile, who had 
acted as Chairman of the Revision Committee, was elected 
by a majority of z,"]"]*] over the total votes given to the other 
live candidates. 

Mr. Daniel Guile, who succeeded Mr. Harvey, as General 
Secretary, was born in Liverpool, in 1814. Previous to his 
election he was Secretary for some years of the Liverpool 
Branch. The Webbs, in their " History of Trade Unionism," 
describe him as a man of attractive personality and winning 
manner, gifted with a certain rugged eloquence. The " Lon- 
don Echo," in commenting on his death, in 1883, said : 
'' Working-class leaders have often been taunted with enter- 
taining mutued jealousies and personal animosities, but 
Daniel Guile's nature was so kindly and generous that it may 
be said of him that he has left behind him a host of friends 
and not a single enemy." 

His influence as one of the small group designated " The 
Junta " in the Webbs' History, show that the Society and 
trade unionists in general are greatly indebted to him for 
the part he took in helping by his counsel and experience in 
shaping the trade-union legislation of the early seventies. 
He took an active part in procuring evidence in favour of 
trade unions to place before the Royal Commission of inquiry 
appointed in 1867, and he also worked hard to secure the 
repeal of the obnoxious Criminal Law Amendment Act in 
1875. which had been passed by a Liberal Government in 
1871. Up to this time political action had been tabooed 
by the Society, and it is due to Mr. Guile's influence and work 
that this feeling was removed, and by this means the Society 
improved its position and extended its influence. 

The three years following the 1863 revision of the Rules 
were times of good trade. That, and the more settled con- 
dition of the Society, resulted in a steady increase in the 
membership, 10,000 being first reached in 1865, and at the 




200, New Kent Road, London. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 49 

close of 1866 the number of branches had increased to 106, 
total membership to 10,769, with cash in hand amounting 
to £27,928. 5s. 4d. 

In 1865 the head-quarters of the Society were removed 
to 200, New Kent Road, London, where it remained for over 
40 years. 

In 1866 the salary of the G.S. was increased to £2. los. 
per week, and that of the Assistant to £2. 2s. per week. 

Bad trade commenced early in 1867, and continued up 
to the end of 1869. By the end of that year the cash balance 
had sunk to £650, while the number of branches had fallen 
to 102, and the total membership to 8,846. In the " Annual 
Report " for 1868, Mr. Guile says: "We are not exaggerating 
when we say that the experience of our Society during the 
last two years is without a parallel in the history of trade 
societies. Where shall we find a society with an average of 
10,000 members can say that in two years they have expended 
for unemployed labour alone (and that not caused by any 
act of their own, but simply through circumstances over 
which they had no control) the large sum of £66,864. 3s. 6d. ? 

The three years ending with 1869 were years of trial and 
suffering for the members and their families, and great 
sacrifices were made by those in employment, in order to 
support the Society. An extra levy of is. per week began in 
February, 1868, and was continued until 1871. Those of the 
members who had any savings by them willingly loaned it 
to the Society, thus showing their faith in its durability and 
its powers of recuperation when trade revived. 

As showing the condition of the Society at this time, 
the payment of all Accident grants had to be postponed, 
and the Superannuation Benefit restricted to those not 
working at the trade. An attempt to reduce the Donation, 
Sick and Funeral Benefits was defeated by the votes of the 
members. At the end of 1869 the Society was actually in 



50 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

debt to each member over I2s., while durmg the depression 
we lost 2. 13 1 members. 

The year 1870 saw a revival of trade, and although slow 
it appears to have been steady and constant, the number of 
members at the end of the year being 8,940, and the total 
cash in hand over £5,809 after pa3ing off loans and interest 
to the amount of £2,112. 6s. 6d., and all arrears of benefits, 
excepting Accident claims. 

1871 TO 1890. 

1871 was an important year in the history of Trade 
Unionism. The Act known as the Trade Unions Act, 1871, 
was passed, and for the first time trade unions were legally 
recognised, and it was thought at the time that their funds 
were fully protected. 

As a drawback to this Act, the Criminal Law Amendment 
Act, passed in the same year, placed the unionist in a worse 
position so far as the Criminal Law was concerned, as it 
made certain acts criminal if committed by trade unionists 
which would be legal if committed by persons outside the 
Union. 

The Society may lay claim to having assisted in passing 
what was good in the Act of 1871, not only through the 
advocacy of its General Secretary, but also by financial help 
to assist in the agitation in Parliament and the country. 

During the year the agitation for a nine hours' day was 
brought to a successful issue. It started with a strike of the 
engineers at Sunderland, in April, and was conceded to 
them on the 2nd of May. By the end of the year it had 
become general throughout the country. It was conceded 
to the moulders without serious friction, and many evils 
and injustices that had accumulated during the late depression 
were remedied and removed. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR, 51 

Over £2,842 was paid for outstanding Accident claims, 
and many other societies were assisted, notably the Iron 
Moulders of Paris, with £25 ; the Iron Moulders of Chicago, 
with £50. Grants were also made to the agricultural labourers 
in different parts of the country. The year closed with a 
cash balance of over £18,000. 

Trade still continued to flourish in 1872, which enabled the 
General Secretary to state in the annual Report that it had 
been the best \^ear recorded ; the members being employed, 
and better remunerated, than at any other period of their 
existence. At the end of June there were onl}^ 72 members 
on the unemployed benefit out of a total membership of over 
10,000, the lowest average since 1844-5. 

That the Criminal Law Amendment Act was causing 
irritation and dissatisfaction with the Government responsible 
for it is shown b}/ the following extract from the Annual 
Report: " Those who live under the laws should have a voice 
in the making of the laws, not merely in voting for those 
who make the laws, but in actually making them by their 
presence in the House of Commons." 

January Monthly Report for 1873 opens with an earnest 
appeal for subscriptions towards securing the release of the 
five gas stokers who had been sentenced to 12 months' 
imprisonment by Mr. Justice Brett, for conspiracy. £25 
was voted by the E.C., and a strong effort made to secure 
their release. The agitation resulted in the release of the 
men after serving four months. As the Iron Founders' Society, 
through their General Secretar}^ took an active part in the 
agitation, it will interest our members to see the photos of 
the Committee who met the men on their release from 
Maidstone jail. Among the Committee are some of the most 
prominent Trade Union leaders of that day. We are indebted 
to Mr. W. J. Harvey, a well-known m.emiber of the London 
E.C., for the copy of the photo here reproduced. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 53 

During the year the Superannuation Benefit was altered 
by the votes of the members to the following : 35 years' 
membership 5s. 6d. per week when not working at the trade, 
and 4s. 6d. when working at the trade ; 30 years' member- 
ship 4s. 6d. per week when not working at the trade, and 
3s. 6d. when working ; in all cases to be 60 years of age 
before claiming. 

In 1874 the last expenditure for emigration occurred, 
the total expenditure for that purpose being ^4,712. 3s., 
covering a period of 20 years, but for eight years out of the 
20 the fund was suspended. The sum of £550 was paid over 
to the Agricultural Labourers, and £478 to the PlimsoU 
Seaman's Defence Fund, both of these large amounts being 
raised by a special levy. 

In 1875 the obnoxious Criminal Law Amendment Act 
was repealed, the old Conspiracy Laws were modified, and 
the Employers' and Workmen's Act passed ; also the 
Falsification of Accounts Act, all of which legislation proved 
of great service to the organised workers, the Society having 
taken an active part in securing these benefits. Trade 
continued good through the year, and the cash balance 
increased to £63,671. 

Trade was declining in 1876, and the Report states that it 
was the worst ^^ar since 1869 ; in spite of this the member- 
ship increased, and over £2,000 was added to the funds. 

Trade continued to get worse during 1877, and the 
Monthly Reports were inundated with suggestions from 
the branches. In answer to those suggestions the E.C. 
issued the following voting paper : That the propositions 
contained in the past Monthly Reports be not put to the vote 
of the Society, but that a delegate meeting be held to revise 
the rules when trade revives. This was carried, and the 
delegate meetings did not take place until 1883. 

The year 1878 opened badly, there being on donation at 
the commencement of the year 1,768. Trade continued to 



54 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

get worse, and at the end of the year the number on Donation 
had increased to 2,615, ^^^ the cash balance had decreased 
by over £20,000. It would also be seen that owing to the 
depressed condition of trade the employers were preparing to 
attack the Society. The sixth annual Report of the Iron 
Trades Employers' Association, for that year, advised their 
members to take advantage of the numbers out of work and 
enforce a reduction of wages, or a lengthened day's work 
or both, and to do all they can to destroy trade societies, 
and advise the discharging of foremen and overseers who may 
be members of the unions. That this advice was acted upon 
by many of the emplo3/ers is shown by the determined 
attempt made to reduce wages and revert to the ten hours' 
day during 1878-9. 

A temporary relief fund was started for those who had 
run through their benefit, and 5s. per week was allowed 
for a period of 26 weeks. 

18-79 w^s undoubtedly the worst year experienced by 
the Society during the whole period of its history. During 
the months of March and April there w^re over 3,000 on the 
Donation Benefit, while the average number of members in 
the various benefits during the year was 3,466, while the 
total amount paid for unemployed labour amounted to 
£62,8gy. los. 7id., or an average of £5. 2s. 5jd. per member ; 
out of this amount £5,386. 12s. 7|d. was paid for Dispute 
Benefit, spent chiefly in resisting unreasonable reductions in 
wages, and attempts to reinforce the ten hours' day. This 
has been called the fighting year, and there never was a time 
when the members were called upon to resist such a combined 
and a determined attack on their position. To meet their 
demands a levy of is. per week was put on in October and 
continued until August, 1880. The Loan Fund was again 
re-opened, and those who were fortunate enough to possess 
any spare cash willingly placed it at the disposal of the 
Society. Tiie payment of Accident claims had to be deferred 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 



55 



until the advent of better times, and the cash balance at 
the end of the year had fallen to £1,980. 

During 1880 and 1881 trade continued to improve, and 
by the end of 1881 the number on Donation was only 701, 
while the cash balance had increased to close on £10,000. 
A vote of the members was taken in 1880 on extending the 
tinie worked for clearing a Card from six weeks to 12 ; this 
was lost by a majority of 393. 




Mr. Daniel Guile. 



During these two years the reductions in wages that had 
taken place during the depression were most of them regained, 
and wages were raised to the standard existing previous to 
1878 and 1879. 

The first Monthly Report in 1882 contains the resignation 
of Mr. D. Guile, caused by failing health. The members voted 
him a retiring allowance of £1 per week, in addition to his 
superannuation benefit. Mr. Guile only received this for 
34 weeks, as he died at Brighton on the 7th of December 
in the same vear. 



56 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



The election of General Secretary resulted in the return 
of Mr. Edward Woods by a majority of 5,286 over his four 
opponents. 

Mr. Woods was born at Chelsea in 1827, and was eight 
years Branch Secretary at Greenwich, 14 years Assistant 
General Secretary, and four years General Secretary, in all 
26 years ; 18 out of that total were served at the General 
Offices. 




IMr. Edward Woods. 



It was decided to hold a delegate meeting in London in 
June, 1883 ; many important changes were made in the 
rules by the delegates. The Superannuation Benefit was 
raised to the amount now paid, and there has been no change 
in this benefit since. The Auxiliary Fund was merged in the 
general funds of the Society, and various other changes of 
less importance were made in the rules. Trade begun again 
to decline, and the year closed with an increased number 
on Donation. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 57 

During 1884 a census was taken of the number of Society 
and non-society men and boys employed at the trade, with 
the following result : Society men, 12,032 ; non-society, 
9,382 ; boys at trade, 6,121. 

Trade membership was instituted during the year, and 
continued in force until June, 1898, when it was abolished 
by the votes of the members. 

1885 shows trade to be worse than the three previous 
years, and it was not until the close of 1886 that any signs 
of revival appeared. During this year a temporary relief 
fund was again established, benefit being allowed to those 
members with run-out cards for a period of 26 weeks. At 
the close of the year the cash balance had fallen to £5,984. 

On March 24th, 1886, the death occurred at the General 
Office of Mr. Edward Woods, the General Secretary. He was 
succeeded by Mr. William Hy. Hey, who was elected by a 
clear majority of 4,479. Mr. Hey was born in 1839 ^^"^^^ 
entered the Society at Halifax in 1858. Previous to coming 
to the General Office as Assistant Secretary in 1882, he had 
been for some years Secretary of the Halifax branch. During 
his term at the General Office he was an indefatigable worker, 
and introduced many improvements in our system of book- 
keeping. He also prepared a number of tables, showing our 
statistical and financial position during the whole of the 
period that statistics were available. The complete collection 
of Reports and documents now at the General Office were 
mainly collected by him. There is no doubt that his devotion 
to the work of the Society accelerated his premature break- 
down through ill-health in 1894. 

Mr. Hey died in London on February 26th, 1907. 

During 1887 a vote of the members was taken on reducing 
the Superannuation Benefit is. from each scale ; this was lost, 
but a vote to increase the contributions of superannuated 
members when working was carried. 



58 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



A serious dispute between the engineers and their em- 
ployers at Bolton caused much suffering and privation amongst 
our members in that district. Trade continued to steadily 
improve, and the cash balance at the end of December was 
over £10,000. 

Votes of the members were taken in 1888 on a further 
limitation of the hours of labour, but no steps were taken to 



.x"^ 




Mr. Wn.LiAM Henry Hfa'. 
bring this about. An attempt was also made to abolish the 
3s. Sick Benefit, which failed. At that time 3s. per week 
was paid so long as the sickness continued. 

The year 1889 was an epoch-making year in the history 
of Trade Unionism. The success of the great dock strike, 
and the advocacy of its able leaders, stimulated the so-called 
unskilled workers to organise themselves, and the wave of 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 59 

enthusiasm which swept the country in favour of combina- 
tion had its effect on the older societies by adding greatly to 
their numbers. The Iron Founders' Society benefited by 
2,110 entrances during the year, giving a net gain of 1,603 
members. 

Substantial advances of wages were gained by 41 branches, 
numbering 4,668 members, which average advance worked 
out at IS. iijd. per week. 

It was also decided to admit coremakers into the Societv, 
the conditions being that they must receive the same wages 
as the moulders. This condition has militated against its 
success, as in most towns the Vv'ages of coremakers are lower 
than that of the moulders. 

A vote was carried in favour of obtaining an eight-hour 
day by Act of Parliamient. 

The good trade was maintained during 1890, the member- 
ship showed a net increase of 1,016 ; 5,405 members obtained 
advances of wages ranging from is. to 2s. per w^eek. 

The Juvenile Branches which had been started a short 
time previous made rapid progress, several new branches 
being formed in different parts of the country. 

The Federation of the Engineering and Shipbuilding 
trades of the United Kingdom was formed, to which the 
Society was affiliated. 

The number of branches at the end of 1890 reached 116, 
and the total membership 14,821, with a cash balance of 

£47.854. 

1891 TO 1908. 

The year 1891 commenced with an interesting discussion 
in the *' Report " on the formation of an International Federa- 
tion of Moulders, tlie Secretaries of the Moulders at Mel- 
bourne, Victoria, and Budapest, Hungary, taking part in the 
discussion. It was also decided to withdraw from the 
Federation of Iron Trades, owing to one of the societies 



60 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

affiliated to the Federation accepting moulders who were 
eligible to join our Society into their ranks at a payment of 
6d. per week. In view of the delegate meeting to be held in 
September, the August *' Report " contained three letters, 
written by well-known members, advocating the sectionising 
of the Society. This question was voted on by the members, 
and defeated by a majority of over i,6oo. 

On Monday, September 14th, the delegates appointed to 
revise the Rules met in London. One of the most important 
of their decisions was the dividing of the Society into 13 
districts, each branch to elect one representative to serve on 
the District Committee, such Committee to meet each quarter 
or oftener if necessary. Those committees cannot be said 
to have been a success, whether it was that the business to 
be transacted was not clearly defined or that their powers 
were greatly curtailed. They eventually were limited to 
one meeting per year, unless for special business, and were 
totally abolished by the delegate meeting in 1905. 

The delegates decided that the is. per week allowed to 
members who had received one year's benefit should be dis- 
continued after the second year. They also abolished over- 
age money, and extended the time that a member could 
enter the Society to 45 years of age. All three of these 
decisions were afterwards rescinded by a vote of the members. 

The Sick Benefit was reduced from 3s. to 2s. per week 
after the second year so long as sickness continued. There 
was also a reduction of 5s. on each scale of entrances up to 
35 years of age. It was also decided that superannuated 
members pay full contribution, and all levies except Accident 
Levy when working at the trade. On the recommendation 
of the Revising Committee a vote was taken on the appoint- 
ment of an Organising Delegate, but was defeated. 

The Dispute Rule was also altered, the allowance for wives 
and children being abolished, and 15s. per week paid to all, 
married or single. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 6l 

The year 1892 showed a declining trade. The total 
decrease of cash during the year was £8,708. It is gratifying 
to note that the total membership showed an increase, in 
spite of declining trade. 

A levy of 6d. per working member for the Durham miners 
was carried by a vote of the members, and a vote was taken 
on the question " Are you in favour of an eight -hour day 
being obtained by Act of Parliament, or are you in favour of 
it being obtained by Trade Union effort ? " Majority in 
favour of Trade Union effort 690. 

Trade did not improve during 1893, and a temporary 
relief fund of 5s. per week to those with run-out cards was 
granted. The total cash decreased during the year to the 
amount of £9,380. 

The year 1894 opened with what appeared to be a slight 
revival in trade. Unfortunately this was not maintained. 
Several im.portant events in connection with the history of 
the Society occurred during the year. Early in the year 
Mr. Hey, the General Secretary, resigned his position through 
ill-health, and Mr. J. Maddison, who had been elected 
Assistant Secretary when Mr Woods died, was elected 
General Secretary by a clear majority of 7,740. 

Mr. Maddison, previous to being elected Assistant Secre- 
tary in 1886, was Secretary to the Newcastle branch, and 
did good work in that district by organising the moulders, 
and succeeded in getting a large number to join the 
Society. He also rendered good service in securing 
improved interest on the Society's reserve funds. In 
1899 he was elected Treasurer to the newly-formed Federa- 
tion of Trade Unions, a position he held up to his retirement 
in 1908. He was also chosen as one of those to visit America 
and report on the trade in that country in 1902, in connection 
with what was known as the Mosely Commission. Mr. 
Maddison served as Assistant and General Secretary over 
22 years, thus establishing a record for length of service at 



62 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



the General Office. Mr. S. Masterson was elected Assistant 
Secretary in 1894, when Mr. Maddison succeeded Mr. Hey. 

The members on the North-east Coast, thinking the state 
of trade justified them in seeking an advance of wages — they 




Mr. Joseph Maddison. 

had previously submitted to a reduction^ — ^and this advance 
being refused, close upon 1,000 members left work, and were 
on strike for 24 weeks, when they returned to work at the 
same wages they were receiving before the strike. There 
are one or two things in connection with this dispute that 
are worthy of note. The E.C. granted permission to block 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 63 

the work sent from the strike area to other shops, and granted 
dispute pay to any of our members who might be discharged 
through refusing to make such work. This poUcy was to a 
great extent successful, and to the credit of the members it 
may be said that in almost every case they refused to make 
such work when they knew where it came from. A levy was 
also voted by the members which enabled the vSociety to 
pay each man 6s. per week over his ordinary donation after 
his eight weeks' dispute had expired. By this means close 
upon £5,000 was paid over in addition to the ordinary dispute 
pay. This extra donation is now paid to our members who 
are locked out through a dispute in which some other trade 
is involved. 

Perhaps the most important event in connection with 
this dispute was that when the men returned to work a 
Conciliation Board was established consisting of an equal 
number of employers and workmen, before whom all ques- 
tions affecting the workmen were to be brought, and either 
side not being satisfied with the decisions of the Board 
could have the matter referred to arbitration, the decision of 
the Arbitrators to be accepted as final. With the exception 
of a short time, this Board has continued to the present tim.e, 
with the result that there has been no cessation of work in 
the district since 1894. 

During the dispute the men were generously supported by 
their fellow workmen and others, £3,712. lis. 6d. being 
raised by voluntary subscriptions. During the year it 
was decided by a vote of the Societ}^ that our delegates to 
the Trades Congress vote for an eight-hour day with trade 
exemption. 

Trade continued to improve through 1895, the expendi- 
ture costing £11,638 less than in 1894. 

It may be interesting to note that during the year a vote 
w^as taken on " Are you in favour of the Government finding 
remunerative work for the unemployed ? " This was carried 



64 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

by a majority of 3,240. It was also decided to set aside each 
year a certain sum to be invested and used solely as an 
auxiliary to the Superannuation Fund. This was continued 
until 1905, when the delegate meeting abolished it. An 
important Rule on power of investment was also carried 
during the year. 

The year 1896 was a year of good trade, and was taken 
advantage of by the members throughout the country to 
improve their conditions ; over 11,000 secured advances in 
wages ranging from is. to 4s. per week ; 1,500 had their 
working hours reduced from 54 to 53 hours per week, the 
advance of w^ages in the aggregate amounting to over £1,100 
per week. The total increase of membership during the 
year was 1,102, while the cash balance increased by over 
£20,000. 

During the year a vote was taken on " Shall we appoint a 
Travelling Auditor ? " This was defeated by a majority of 

2,154. 

The most important event in 1897 was the lock-out of 
the allied trades throughout the country by the Federated 
Employers, caused by a demand for an eight-hour day in the 
London district. Our m.embers in London refused to join 
in the demand, as they had a number of shops that w^re 
already working under the system, and had only recently 
received an advance of wages in the district. This decision 
was afterwards ratified by a vote of all the members, who 
decided by a majority of close on 3,000 against joining the 
London Eight-hours Committee. That our members sym- 
pathised with the locked-out men is shown by the fact that 
they decided to grant them £150 per week so long as the 
lock-out continued. The total amount paid over by the end 
of the lock-out was £2,700 — by far the largest amount ever 
paid to other trades in one dispute. It was also decided to 
pay all our members who lost their work through the lock-out 
63. per week in addition to their ordinary Donation. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 65 

In spite of the lock-out and its effect on our members, 
it is gratifying to find that our membership increased during 
the year by over 600, while our total decrease in cash was 
less than £500, although it cost over £30,000 for Donation 
and extra Donation alone. 

During 1898 a Federation scheme was put forward by the 
Trade Union Congress, to be submitted to a Conference to be 
held in Manchester early in 1899. The Society decided by 
vote to be represented at this Conference. It was also decided 
during the year to discontinue allowing members to enter 
the Society under the Trade Membership Rule. 

Trade continued exceptionally good during the year. 
The lock-out was settled by the men withdrawing their 
demands, and a plan for the future regulating of the method 
of working, &c., was agreed to by the employers and workmen. 
During the year our cash increased by over £22,000. 

In 1899 th^ scheme of federation adopted by the Man- 
chester Conference was launched in London at a meeting 
held on July 19th, Mr. Maddison, our G.S., being appointed 
Treasurer with a seat on the Management Committee. The 
members decided by vote that members working in Scotland 
be entitled to the same benefits as those working in England. 

This year was one of the most prosperous in our history, 
and our members took advantage of the good trade to secure 
substantial advances of wages in different parts of the country. 

The year 1900 was also a prosperous year, as at the close 
of the year our total cash in hand amounted to 
£107,048. 2s. 7jd., or an average per member of £5. i6s. 7^d. — 
a record amount never before reached. 

During this and the two following years the whole Trade 
Union world was agitated and , alarmed by the decision of 
Judge Farwell, in what was known as the Taff Vale case, 
viz., that a Trade Union could be sued and held responsible 
for an act committed by an individual member without the 
authority of his society. This decision was afterwards upheld 



66 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

by the House of Lords on appeal. This had one good result- 
it convinced our members (what argument had previously 
failed to do) that those unjust laws could not and would not 
be repealed until a sufficient number of men of our own class 
had been returned to the House of Commons to look after 
the interests of the workers. In order to enable us to do our 
share in this work, the following important resolution was 
carried during 1902 by a majorit\' of over 2,000 : " That in 
the opinion of your E.G., the necessity for increased labour 
representation in the House of Commons has been clearly 
demonstrated by the recent decisions in the House of Lords, 
and with a view to assisting in the formation of a party in- 
dependent of either political party, we pay a levy of 3d. per 
working member per quarter." 

In order to give effect to this resolution it was decided to 
elect a Parliamentary Candidate and Organiser at a salary 
of £200 per year when not a member of Parliament, to be 
increased to £300 if elected to sit in Parliament. Six candi- 
dates contested the position, Mr. Arthur Henderson being 
the successful candidate. Mr. Henderson previous to his 
election by the Society had filled many important positions, 
having served on the City Council of Newcastle-upon-T^^ne, 
the Durham County Council, and the Darlington Borough 
Council, afterwards being elected Mayor of that town. It 
was mainly due to his efforts that the Conciliation Board 
was formed on the North-east Coast, and he acted as Secretary 
to that Board until his election to Parliament. 

During 1903 a vacancy occurred in the Barnard Castle 
Division owing to the death of Sir Joseph Pease, and as Mr. 
Henderson had held the position of Parliamentary Agent to 
the late member for some timie previous to his death, he was 
well known and well acquainted with the constituency. After 
consultation with the E.C. it was decided that Mr. Henderson 
contest the election as a Labour candidate run under the 
rules of the L.R.C. The result of the election was that Mr. 




o 

Q 
O 



u 

o 

u 

w 

> 
H 

u 

w 

w 6 

H 

CO 

< 



Q 



PQ 



68 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



Henderson was returned by a majority of 47, the figures 
being Henderson (Lab.), 3,370 ; Vane (Con.), 3,323 ; Beau- 
mont (Lib.), 2,8og. The importance of this election consists 
in the fact that Mr. Henderson was the first candidate run 
under the auspices of the Labour Party to win a seat against 
both a Liberal and a Conservative. At the General Election 
in 1906, he beat the Conservative candidate by a majority of 
1,652. 




Mr. Arthur Henderson, M.P. 

Mr. Henderson's work in Parliament, and the position he 
holds in the councils of the Labour Party are too well known 
to need repeating here. It is sufficient to say that his work 
both inside and outside the House of Commons has fully 
justified the choice of the members. 

In 1901 the Society was expelled from the Trade Union 
Congress owing to a dispute with the brass moulders at 
Liverpool, and has not been represented since. A vote was 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 



69 



taken in 1906 on reaffiliation, but was negatived by a small 
maj ority. 

During 1904 the question of removing the General Office 
was considered, as the lease at 200, New Kent Road, expired 
in 1906. Two votes were taken ; (i) " Where shall it be 




Present General Office. 



located ? " resulting in Manchester being selected ; (2) 
" Shall we build premises ? " this being decided in the 
affirmative. A plot of ground was purchased in the Chorlton 
Road, and the permanent building erected at a cost of ;f 2, 544, 
including fittings, &c. The building was formally opened 
by Mr. Henderson in November, 1905. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 7I 

It was decided by a vote of the Society to hold a delegate 
meeting for the revision of the Rules during 1905, and also 
that Mr. Henderson be one of the delegates, in addition to 
the 13 usually elected. This meeting was held in September, 
and made some drastic alterations in the Rules, the area 
for the election of the E.G. being extended to 45 miles from 
the General Office. All levies for monthly and annual 
*' Reports," and also Accident levies were abolished. The 
time for Dispute Benefit was extended from eight weeks to 
26, with a further extension of 26 weeks if decided upon by 
a vote of the Society. These, with many other minor changes, 
stamp the delegate meeting of 1905 as one of the most im- 
portant in the history of the Society. Time and experience 
will eventually prove whether these changes have benefited 
the Society or otherwise. 

Another important matter was the decision to hold a 
conference with the various moulders' societies, with a view 
to amalgamation, federation, or working agreement. This 
conference was held in 1906, and 10 societies, including our 
own, were affiliated under the name of " The Federation of 
Gollateral Trades." It is hoped that this Federation will 
tend to prevent that friction which has sometimes existed 
between different sections of the moulding trade, and which 
has proved detrimental to the interests of all concerned. 

The events of the past two years will be fresh in the 
micmory of the members. In September, 1908, Mr. Maddison 
resigned the position of General Secretary, and was succeeded 
by Mr. Masterson, the position of Assistant Secretary being 
filled by the election of Mr. William M. Lawson, of Sheffield. 

Unfortunately, we close 1908 with one of those severe 
depressions of trade which seem inevitable under the present 
industrial system. Fortunately there are indications that 
drastic and beneficial changes will soon be brought about in 
the interests of the workers, resulting in the curse of unem- 



72 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



ployment being removed, better provision being made for 
the aged poor, and the Hves of our women and children 
made brighter and happier by improved environment. When 
those results are realised, it is to be hoped that our members 
will remember with gratitude the work that was done by 




Mr. Samuel Masterson. 

the members in the early history of the Society, and that it is 
due to a great extent to their sacrifices and privations that 
has made an improved condition of things possible. 

SAMUEL MASTERSON, 

Eor Executive Council. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 73 

It is now our painful duty to close this Souvenir with the 
death of the writer. As previously stated, Mr. Masterson was 
appointed to succeed Mr. Maddison as General Secretary, 
and he should have entered on the duties of that position 
on Monday, September 28th, 1908 ; but, alas ! Divine 
Providence willed it otherwise. He passed away on Thursday 
evening, September 24th, after a somewhat long and painful 




Mr. William M. Lawson. 

illness, just two days prior to the expiry of his term"' of 
Assistant Secretary, having held that position for 14 years and 
three months, although he had resigned the position of General 
Secretary a week previous to his death, which was evidence 
that he felt the end was fast approaching. Doubtless he 
little thought when commencing to write this Souvenir that 
his own death would appear in its closing chapter. 



74 THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 

His death was deeply lamented by his most intimate 
friends. He was a well-known figure in the Trade Union Move- 
ment, an active and earnest worker in the cause of social 
reform, and the betterment of the conditions of labour 
generally. He was elected an Alderman of the Borough of 
Southwark in 1904, but resigned in 1906, owing to removing 
to Manchester. 

With the death of Mr. Masterson it became necessary to 
invite nominations for General Secretaryship. Five candi- 
dates entered the contest, and Mr. William M. Lawson, of 
Sheffield, having a clear majority of 1,508 over all the other 
candidates, was declared duly elected on December 5th, 
1908. 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 



n 



A Few Veteran Workers in the Society 
during the Century. 



Thomas Tupman was born on April 29th, 1810, and joined 
the society in June, 1829, at Butterley. On the same evening 




Mr. Thomas Tupman. 



he was made a member he was also made Branch Secretary, 
and remained so until the year 1834, when he removed to Old- 
ham. He had not been very long in his new place of abode 
before he was selected as Branch Secretary by his fellow mem- 
bers, and in 1846 was appointed a delegate to assist in the 
revision of the rules. Mr. Tupman possessed natural abilities 
of no mean order, and many improvements in the workings of 
the society were the result of his counsel and advice. When 
he was foreman he often loaned money to the society in its 
time of need, and this act always had its effect in giving heart 



78 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



to his weaker fellows, many of whom have been known to 
remark that he would never die out of harness. This fact, after 
40 years' active service as Branch Secretary and over 58 years' 
membership, was painfully realised, for on Friday, June 24th, 
1887, Mr. Tupman had prepared for going to the club-house to 
perform his duties in paying the unemployed, &c., when he 
was seized with a fainting sickness from which he never 
recovered, but expired the same evening. To commemorate 
his work for the society, a memorial tombstone was erected 




Mr. Absalom Beech. 



over his grave in Oldham Cemetery, the result of subscriptions 
by the members. 

Absalom Beech was born on December 8th, 1813, and 
entered the society on August 3rd, 1834, at Stockport. He held 
the position of Branch Secretary at Stockport for over 40 years, 
and had only one slight break in that capacity. He was also 
one of the delegates appointed to revise the rules in 1846. Mr. 
Beech's qualities were steadfast and true, rather than brilliant. 
He was always a true trade unionist, and this at a time when 
it was not so easy to remain steadfast to those principles as 



CENTENARY SOUVENIR. 



79 



it is at the present time. He was Branch Secretary at the 
time of his death, which took place on October 27th, 1888, in 
his 76th year. 

Andrew Mackereth was born on January ist, 1823, and joined 
the society at Lancaster on September 2nd, 1843. He was an 
earnest and zealous worker in the society's interest, and was one 
of the delegates appointed to revise the rules in 1853. At the 
time of his death, which took place on August 21st, 1896, he 




Mr. Andrew Mackereth. 



had been Secretary of the Blackburn Branch for over nine 
years. 

James Booley was born on March nth, 1827, and entered 
the society at Manchester on February 26th, 1850. He was 
Treasurer of the Salford Branch for 15 years, and afterwards 
Secretary for over 35 years — a continuous term of service in 
the society of over 50 years. He resigned the position of Secre- 
tary in 1907 owing to failing eyesight. During his term of 
office he rendered valuable services to the society in settling 



8o 



THE FRIENDLY SOCIETY OF IRON FOUNDERS. 



disputes in the Branch between the employers and their work- 
men, his practical knowledge and sound judgment being always 
placed at the service of the society when required. 

There are several others who are deserving of mention for 
their long service and fidelity to the society, viz. : Thomas 
Owen, who was Secretary of the Liverpool Branch for 31 years 
and attended three delegate meetings for the revision of the 
rules, viz., 1853, 1883, and 1891, being unanimously elected 




Mr. James Booley. 



chairman of the meeting in 1883. He died in 1894. Also 
Benjamin Batten, who was Secretary of the Lincoln Branch for 
over 30 years, and died in 1894. William Hemsley, who was 
Secretary of the Newcastle Branch for 19 years, commencing 
in 1842. He was also one of the delegates appointed to revise 
the rules in 1853. He was a man of sound judgment^ and 
possessed a thorough knowledge of the society's rules, which 
rendered his advice valuable to the members. He died on 
January 4th, 1891. 



TABLE I. (a.) 



Showing amounts paid, and averages per Member for Donation and Superannuation 
each year from 1832 to 1908 inchisive. 





93 


O 0) 


DONATION. 


SUPERANNUATION. 






Average per 




Average 


per 


Year. 


o c 




Amount. 


Member. 




Amount. 


Member. 
















M 




Per 


Per 




Per 


Per 










Year. 


Week. 




Year 


Week 








£ s. d. 


s. d. 


s. 


d. 


£ s. d. 


s. d. 


d. 


1832 


44 


1,191 


593 5 


9 llj 





ll 








1833 


44 


1,332 


820 6 10 


12 31 











1834 


44 


1,671 


663 17 OJ 


7 llj 











1835 


45 


1,987 


507 14 li 


5 n 





li 








1836 


47 


2,268 


846 13 6 


3 Of 





0| 


98" '2' 


oioi 


64 


1837 


51 


2,355 


3,974 17 9 


33 9| 





71 


109 2 


71 


04 


1838 


56 


3,220 


3,468 7 6i 


21 64 





5 


126 19 


9i 


01 


1839 


60 


3,412 


3,764 3 0^ 


22 Of 





5 


157 19 


11| 


Oi 


1840 


59 


3,498 


5,745 10 


82 lOJ 





7i 


168 16 9 


11^ 


Oi 


1841 


55 


2,962 


4,384 9 41 


29 7| 





61 


141 16 3 


h| 


Oi 


1842 


54 


2,427 


2,899 13 3 


28 10| 





5i 


111 6 6 


11 


Oi 


1843 


53 


2,745 


1,898 3 6i 


13 10 





31 


134 8 


9k 


Oi 


1844 


53 


3,461 


1,068 1 8 


6 2 





li 


125 19 


7i 


Oi 


1845 


56 


4,216 


551 6 10 


2 7h 





oi 


124 2 


6 


Oi 


1846 


56 


4.463 


1.267 16 9 


5 81 





^ 


96 8 


5k 


Oi 


1847 


58 


4,638 


8,694 19 3A 


37 6 





81 


202 8 


lOi 


Oi 


1848 


65 


4,343 


21,160 4 8 


97 5J 


1 


loi 


239 10 4 


1 li 


Oi 


1849 


59 


3,958 


12,821 17 6h 


64 9i 


1 


3 


223 1 4 


1 14 


Oi 


1850 


62 


4.073 


6,689 13 10^ 


33 10 





7i 


259 8 


1 Sk 


Oi 


1851 


61 


4,585 


5,247 16 Hi 


22 10| 





5i 


239 13 


1 Oi 


Oi 


1852 


62 


4,445 


13.137 7 Wh 


59 li 


1 


If 


242 11 


1 ll 


Oi 


1853 


60 


4,984 


2,929 12 5| 


11 9 





21 


260 7 li 


1 04 


Oi 


1854 


66 


5,335 


4,860 9 2i 


18 2| 





4i 


790 8 5 


2 H4 


Oi 


1855 


66 


5,685 


10,149 4 31 


35 8i 





9| 


891 16 


3 If 


Oi 


1856 


68 


6,116 


9,467 17 4 


30 Hi 





7k 


925 4 


3 Ok 


Oi 


1857 


71 


6,421 


10,075 6* 


31 4i 





7k 


1,108 10 


3 54 


Oi 


1858 


73 


6,637 


17,483 14 4 


52 8i 


1 


Ok 


1,150 1 6 


3 54 


Oi 


1859 


75 


7,317 


6,410 16 IJ 


17 6i 





4 


1,052 13 6 


2 104 


Oi 


1860 


78 


7,973 


3,941 12 7 


9 10| 





n 


962 11 10 


2 5 


Oi 


1861 


81 


8,229 


12,053 2 9 


29 3i 





6| 


975 9 


2 44 


04 


1862 


83 


8,458 


19,823 5 Hi 


46 lOi 


101 


1,020 15 2 


2 5 


04 


1863 


27 


8,840 


14,651 12 8 


33 If 





7i 


1,100 13 10 


2 6 


04 


1864 


92 


9,723 


9,223 8 10 


18 Hi 





4| 


1,291 16 


2 8 


04 


1865 


97 


10,604 


8,217 11 


15 6 





3i 


1,298 19 5 


2 54 


04 


1866 


106 


11,121 


14,876 4 11 


26 9 





H 


1,330 7 6 


2 4f 


04 


1867 


105 


10,839 


35,272 1 1 


65 1 


1 


3 


1,405 11 8 


2 7 


04 


1868 


104 


9,853 


31,592 2 5 


64 1| 


1 


21 


1,717 9 1 


3 6i 


Of 


1869 


103 


8,990 


24,886 13 4 


55 4i 


1 


01 


1,796 16 6 


4 


Oi 


1870 


101 


8,994 


13,539 9 4 


30 11 





7 


1,769 17 3 


3 llj 


1 


1871 


99 


10,019 


5,447 9 


10 lOi 





2k 


1,792 9 7 


3 7 


Of 


1872 


100 


10,634 


2,887 5 8 


5 5J 





n 


2,336 11 10 


4 24 


1 


1873 


104 


11,512 


7,679 7 


13 4 





3 


2,171 19 2 


3 9i 


Oi 


1874 


106 


11,925 


10,712 2 11 


17 Hi 





4J 


2,772 15 


4 7| 


1 


1875 


107 


12,336 


11,186 19 1 


18 1| 





4i 


2,998 1 6 


4 10k 


1 


1876 


110 


12,627 


17,689 3 6 


28 OJ 





6i 


3,307 7 10 


5 2| 


li 


1877 


112 


12,612 


25,337 10 5 


40 2i 





9k 


3,452 1 6 


5 5i 


li 


1878 


113 


12,620 


38,486 14 7 


61 


1 


2 


3,653 12 


5 9i 


li 


1879 


112 


12,276 


57,510 18 


98 8i 


1 


9i 


8,727 4 


6 Oi 


14 


1880 


111 


11,580 


24,243 19 


41 lOi 





91 


4.144 14 10 


7 2 


i| 


1881 


111 


11,201 


18,310 8 


32 8J 





7i 


4,537 4 8 


8 li 


i| 


1882 


108 


11,448 


10,466 14 2 


18 3i 





4| 


4,786 14 3 


8 4i 


2 


1883 


109 


11,917 


11,461 4 4 


19 2i 





4i 


5,166 2 7 


8 8 


2 


1884 


113 


12,415 


18,847 18 3 


30 4| 





7 


5,715 19 7 


9 U 


9 a 


1885 


115 


12,376 


26,970 9 


43 7 





10 


6,215 17 10 


10 04 


24 


1886 


114 


12,037 


32,856 2 8 


54 7 


1 


Oi 


7,182 5 8 


11 HJ 


2i 


1887 


114 


11,718 


21,801 2 4 


37 2i 





8i 


7,692 10 11 


13 1* 


3 


1888 


115 


12,202 


12,629 9 10 


20 8i 





4| 


8,028 10 9 


13 2 


8 


1889 


114 


13,805 


5,311 10 2 


7 8i 





if 


7,935 1 7 


11 5i 


2^ 


1890 


116 


14,821 


8,206 6 6 


11 1 





2i 


7,960 11 4 


10 9 


24 


1891 


117 


15,291 


15,196 15 2i 


19 10 





4 


8,247 13 1 


10 94 


24 


1892 


117 


15,190 


29,600 8 10 


88 51 





9 


9,307 12 9 


12 3 


2| 


1693 


122 


15,050 


82,480 2 9 


43 2 





10 


10,053 9 4 


13 4J 


8 


1894 


122 


15,195 


87,383 7 4 


49 2| 


oiii 1 


11,028 6 


14 6t 


3i 


1895 


121 


15,176 


25,750 3 8 


33 Hi 





7i 


11,483 8 6 


15 14 


34 


1896 


122 


16,278 


10,417 3 6 


13 2f 





8 


11,922 11 9 


15 1| 


34 


1897 


125 


16,915 


80,300 13 3 


36 5i 





8i 


12,314 15 7 


14 9| 


3i 


1898 


125 


17,295 


16,836 10 10 


19 91 





4i 


12,856 4 7 


15 If 


34 


1899 


125 


17,971 


6,628 17 10 


7 9 





1| 


13,235 11 8 


15 Oi 


34 


1900 


126 


18,357 


11,172 14 1 


12 3f 





2i^ 


13,937 5 5 


15 4 


3* 


1901 


127 


18,268 


24,922 19 9 


27 3i 





64 


15.081 11 3 


16 6 


31 


1902 


127 


18,287 


28,670 12 6 


31 41 





7k 


16,350 19 8 


17 10| 


4i 


1903 


128 


18,427 


24,457 4 10 


26 7i 





6i 


17,526 8 11 


19 1 


44 


1904 


128 


18,426 


39,476 10 11 


42 9| 





10 


19,662 7 6 


21 33 


6 


1905 


128 


18,474 


27,404 2 4 


29 8 





6! 


19,870 14 7 


21 6 


4| 
41 


1906 


128 


19,264 


17,682 14 2 


18 9 





4i 


19,879 7 3 


21 Oi 


1907 


128 


19,501 


23,073 13 


23 7| 





6i 


20,443 5 5 


20 114 


4J 


1908 


128 


19,019 


67,812 17 1 


70 7i 


1 


4| 


21,875 19 7 


22 9| 


5i 



TABLE I. (b.) 



Showing amounts paid and averages per Member for Sick, Funeral, and Accidents 
each vear from 1832 to 1908 inclusive. - 



Year. 



1832 

1833 

1834 

1835 

1836 

1837 

1838 

1839 

1840 

1841 

1842 

1843 

1844 

1845 

1846 

1847 

1848 

1849 

1850 

1851 

1852 

1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 

1858 

1859 

1860 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 

1870 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 

1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 

1880 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1884 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 

1891 

1892 

1893 

1894 

1895 

1896 

1897 

1898 

1899 

1900 

1901 

1902 

1903 

1904 

1905 

1906 

1907 

1908 



O <U 

is 



1,191 
1,332 
1,671 
1,987 
2,263 
2,355 
3,220 
3,412 
3,498 
2,962 
2,427 
2.745 
3,461 
4,216 
4,463 
4,638 
4,343 
3,958 
4,073 
4,585 
4,445 
4,984 
5,335 
5,685 
6,116 
6,421 
6,637 
7,317 
7,973 
8,229 
8,458 
8,840 
9,728 
10,604 
11,121 
10,839 
9,853 
8,990 
8,994 
10,019 
10,634 
11,512 
11,925 
12,336 
12,627 
12,612 
12,620 
12,276 
11,580 
11,201 
11.448 
11,917 
12,415 
12,376 
12,037 
11,718 
12,202 
13,805 
14,821 
15,291 
15,190 
15,050 
J5,195 
15,176 
16,278 
16,915 
17,295 
17,971 
18,357 
18,268 
18,287 
18,427 
18,426 
18,474 
19,264 
19,501 
19,019 



SICK. 



Average per 
Member. 



Amount. 



10 

04 

10 


2i 
1 
3 
8 
6 
7 
3^ 



10 

6 



£ s. 

698 1 

878 5 

911 16 
1,057 16 
1,099 
2,459 
1,709 
2,050 
2,444 
2,721 
1,192 

929 
1,186 8 
1,367 19 
2,055 7 
2,681 12 
2,662 
1,225 
1,471 
1,696 
1,696 
1,611 19 
1,747 
1,861 
2,073 
2,296 
2,237 
2,264 15 
2,617 14 
2,748 17 
2,883 
3,325 4 
4,611 12 
4.813 5 
5,205 7 
4,908 3 
4,202 10 
3,733 13 
3,742 9 
4,564 2 
5,153 1 
5,216 15 
5,940 15 
6,607 18 
6,675 7 
6,337 13 
6,520 18 11 
6,260 17 5 
6,106 5 3 

6.440 17 1 
6,033 1 
6,726 9 6 
6,456 5 6 
6.404 19 2 
6,231 1 3 
6,192 7 6 
6,658 12 2 

6.441 7 6 
7,919 12 4 
9,061 19 10 
8,051 10 9 
8,003 19 
7,130 12 
7,939 
7,828 8 
8,509 9 
8,541 2 
9,988 19 

10,302 11 10 

9,575 9 8 

9,238 

9,189 15 

9,529 11 

9,244 18 

11,448 1 

11,884 6 

11,416 



9 7 
16 10 
5 3i 
37 17 9i 



9 

4 
10 

8 
2 
9 
2 
8 
5 
3 
4 
7 
1 
1 
2 

9 



9 

8 
8 4 



Per 
Year ^^ 



s. d. 

11 8f 
13 21 
10 11 
10 7| 

9 8^ 
20 10| 

10 7* 

12 OJ 

13 114 
18 4| 

9 lOJ 
6 8 
6 lOi 
6 51 

9 2k 

11 74 
16 lOJ 

6 2J 

7 2| 
7 41 
7 74 
6 52 
6 6i 
6 64 

6 9i 

7 1| 
6 9 
6 21 
6 6| 
6 8J 

6 9| 

7 6i 

9 5| 
9 1 
9 4i 
9 0| 

8 6J 
8 3| 

8 3| 

9 li 
9 8i 
9- Of 
9 114 

10 84 
10 7 
10 0| 
10 4 
10 2§ 

10 64 

11 6 

10 64 

11 34 
10 4| 
10 4i 
10 4i 

10 6| 

10 11 
9 4 

10 8i 



FUNERALS. 



ii 

10 


7i 


10 


7| 


9 


ii 


10 


5A 


9 Hi 1 


10 


3 


10 


0:? 


11 


4 


11 


4i 


10 


53 


10 


li 


10 





10 


4 


10 





12 


U 


12 


13 


11 


103 



d. 
2| 
01 

2h 

2h 
2i 

2i 
2| 
31 
4i 

?l 

14 

2 
21 

Si 

14 

n 
n 
If 
ii 
u 

14 
Ih 

1| 
1^ 

l| 
1^ 

li 

u 
ll 



Amount. 



£ 

224 

181 

182 

227 

240 

439 

506 

440 

314 

596 

370 

328 

249 

295 

416 

549 

577 

482 

667 

501 

465 

520 

603 

544 

571 

508 

660 

644 

629 

656 

712 

878 

1,374 

1,300 

1,600 

1,257 

1,421 

1,355 

1,460 

1,320 

1,345 

1,800 

1,780 

2,010 

1,810 

2,010 

2,005 

2,160 

1,565 

2,155 

1,720 

2,020 

1,920 

2,305 

2,060 

2,306 

2,185 

2,117 

2,712 

2,925 

2,590 

2.502 

2,487 

2,810 

2,522 

3,006 

2,457 

2,927 

3,262 

3,042 

3,270 

2,917 

3,163 

2,815 

3,465 

3,158 

3,204 



s. d. 



10 4 







6 10 

5 6 



Average per 
Member. 



14 




1 6 



16 5 



14 7 

11 64 





10 






9 



11 




4 


















13 2 

12 


10 
10 




10 
10 


10 

9 3 
10 
10 
10 
10 


10 

13 
3 7 


10 
10 



Per 

Year. 






d. 

9 

81 

2i 

3^ 

1* 

8| 

1| 

7 

94 

04 
04 



2 41 
1 5i 

1 43 

1 lOi 

2 44 
2 
2 
3 
2 
2 
2 
2 



5i 
31 
24 
1 
1 

3i 
1 11 

1 104 

1 7 



2 

1 9 

1 61 

1 7i 

1 8i 

1 113 

2 10 
2 54 
2 104 
2 31 

2 104 

3 Oi 
3 3 
2 74 

2 6i 

3 n 

2 111 

3 3 

2 104 

3 2i 



3 10| 
3 



4§ 
1 

83 
5 



3 Hi 
3 7 
3 0| 
3 8 
3 10 
3 5 



3 74 

2 103 

3 4 



ACCIDENTS. 



Amount. 



I Aver'ge 

I per 
Member 
per 
Year. 



d. 

03 
03 

Oh 
Oh 

04 
03 
03 
04 
04 
1 

03 
04 

Oi 

Oi 
04 

0* 

04 
04 
03 
04 
04 
04 
04 

0* 
Oh 
Oi 

04 
ov 

Oh 
Oh 

04 
04 
03 
04 
03 
04 
03 
03 
03 
04 
04 
03 
03 
03 
03 
03 
03 
03 

01 

03 
03 
03 
03 
Oi 
Oi 
1 

01 

03 
03 
1 

03 
03 

01 

03 
03 
03 
01 
03 
03 
03 
of 

04 
03 

0* 

o| 
03 
03 



£ s. d. 



s. d. 



300 10 10 
307 8 9 
607 6 
300 
211 15 2 
263 1 11 
142 7 10 
452 10 
351 11 

50 
261 8 

56 13 
814 4 8 
310 18 10 



1 


1 
3 

9* 
3 

1 
3 11 
2 lOi 



490 5 
251 7 

678 10 

679 10 
763 17 

1,666 11 

953 14 
1,161 19 
1,717 
51 
32 9 

585 
2,482 11 

914 9 
1,437 
1,297 
1,277 
1,858 

943 10 
1,619 14 

943 18 7 
1,130 10 3 
1,099 3 10 



4 



9 

5 

9 7 

S 11 

4 

5 10 

5 





987 16 
731 10 
654 2 
174 1 
268 18 
612 16 
165 1 
770 18 
191 9 
482 15 
688 2 7 
408 5 5 

620 8 10 

444 13 

846 19 5 

514 12 2 

512 13 

503 6 

862 6 

477 4 

824 2 

814 13 

665 9 8 
1,468 15 10 
1,231 16 2 
1,025 12 6 
1,460 15 2 



5 

4i 
74 
44 

03 
34 
74 

04 

5 
li 



11 
2i 
2 64 

Hi 

1 4 

74 

1 73 



a 

4 

94 

1 

2 
li 



83 
23 

03 



1 
1 

3 

1 
2 
3 


0| 

1 34 
4 114 

1 83 

2 6 
2 2 
2 03 
2 Hi 

1 6 

2 63 
1 64 
1 114 

1 114 
1 
1 
1 

3* 

5i 

1 04 

3i 

1 14 

3 

74 

103 

64 
93 

7 

1 1 

74 
7i 
63 

114 

6i 

io| 

10| 

8| 

1 3| 

1 oi 

1 5 



TABLE I. (c.) 



Showing amounts paid, and averages per Member for Emigration, Benevolent Grants and 
Dispute Benefit, each year from 1832 to 1908 inclusive. 



Year. 



1832 
1833 
1834 
1835 
1836 
1837 
1838 
1839 
1840 
1841 
1842 
1843 
1844 
1845 
1846 
1847 
1848 
1849 
1850 
1851 
1852 
1853 
1854 
1855 
1856 
1857 
1858 
1859 
1860 
1861 
1862 
1863 
1864 
1865 
1866 
1867 
1868 
1869 
1870 
1871 
1872 
1873 
1874 
1875 
1876 
1877 
1878 
1879 
1880 
1881 
1882 
1883 
1884 
1885 
1886 
1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 
1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 






1,191 

1,332 

1,671 

1,987 

2,263 

2,355 

3,220 

3,412 

3,498 

2,962 

2,427 

2,745 

3,461 

4,216 

4,463 

4,638 

4,343 

3,958 

4,073 

4,585 

4,445 

4,984 

5,335 

5,685 

6,116 

6,421 

6,637 

7,317 

7,973 

8,229 

8,458 

8,840 

9,728 

10,604 

11,121 

10,839 

9,853 

8,990 

8,994 

10,019 

10,634 

11,512 

11,925 

12,336 

12,627 

12,6 L2 

12,620 

12,276 

11,580 

11,201 

11,448 

11,917 

12,415 

12,376 

12,037 

11,718 

12,202 

13,805 

14,821 

15,291 

15,190 

15,050 

15,195 

15,176 

16,278 

16,915 

17,295 

17,971 

18,357 

18,268 

18,287 

18,427 

18,426 

18,474 

19,264 

19,500 

19,019 



EMIGRATION. 



Amount. 



£ s. d. 



52 18 10 
32 14 

283 7 



414 3 3 

548 12 9 

533 1 2 

1,278 19 6 

192 5 2i 

15 2 7^ 

12 6 



1,124 16 Ij 
223 16 7 



Australian 
Strike Levy 
returned to 

Brandies. 

282 8 10 
4 9 6 



Federation 
Benefit. 



61 14 2 

215 1 8 

518 5 6 

267 9 2 

606 10 2 

552 8 4 

1,277 5 10 

1,866 12 6 

772 



Average 

per 
Member 

per 
Year. 



d. 



21 

n 

lOi 



IQi 

1 Oi 
111 

2 4J 
4| 
OJ 
Oi 



1 Hi 

4* 



44 



8 

7 



BENEVOLENT GRANTS. 



Amount. 



£ s. d. 



5 



34 7 
344 4 11 



Average 

per 
Member 

per 
Year. 



d. 



145 








a 


115 1 


8 





62 2 


6 







n 






25 





02 


60 10 








1* 


166 18 


6 





^ 


150 10 








3^ 


1,137 17 





1 


11 


180 








3* 


143 10 








2^ 


145 10 








2^ 


185 10 








3^ 


70 10 








1* 


21 








0^ 


43 5 








1 


106 








2^ 


95 10 








2 


100 








2 


£0 








1 


18 








oi 


12 10 








oi 


16 10 








oi 


90 10 








u 


334 10 








5i 


540 








8h 


413 








6^ 


635 15 








10^ 


35 








OA 


25 








OA 


57 10 








Oi? 


2,355 17 





2 


10 


784 








11 


396 6 


4 





5* 


200 








2^ 


290 








3^ 


170 








2i 


30 








Oh 


125 








n 


170 








2 


20 








Oi 


85 








1 


25 








Oi 



OJ 



\i 

lOJ 



2| 



DISPUTE ALLOWANCE. 



Amount. 



£ s. d. 



265 
749 
319 
307 
44 
578 
321 

2,499 
991 
455 

1,978 

1,485 
166 
402 
472 
802 
232 
206 
254 
132 
445 
589 
181 
155 
626 
374 
163 
234 
194 
344 

2,347 

576 

187 

49 

287 

40 

316 

89 

286 

198 

689 

738 

5,386 
309 
204 
214 
473 
319 
553 
507 
99 
130 
150 
90 
432 
811 

1,804 

ni,7oo 

1,451 

3,390 

1,819 

1,659 

1,059 

712 

669 

924 

663 

1,177 

470 

5,046 

7,484 

4,199 



7A 
10 11 
3 5^ 

13 2 
2 10 

19 6 

17 1 

14 10 

18 10 
7 4 



17 2i 

15 04 

7 9i 

14 

14 3 



2 
3 
4 

2i 

04 

4 

7 



17 



10 5i 

8 4 

16 3 
14 

10 64 

9 ll" 

4 5 

17 11 

18 9 

2 0^ 
12 74 

3 114 

5 6 

15 6 

16 5 



14 2 
17 2 

7 7 

7 8 

10 2 

15 4 
12 11 

12 11 
5 1 

2 6 

3 4 

13 6 

4 6 

11 



12 6 

15 

10 

12 6 

2 6 
5 

3 4 
12 6 



Average 


per 


Member 


per 
lear. 


s. d. 


'^.'s 


2 111 


1 104 


1 9 


34 


4 9| 


2 4| 


14 5i 


4 8i 


2 04 


8 6^ 


6 10 


10 


1 Hi 


2 Ol 


3 71 


114 


9| 


10| 


5i 


1 4| 


1 9i 


41 


44 


1 6i 


10| 


44 


5| 


44 


74 


4 4 


1 2 


5 


li 


6| 


02 


64 


1| 


54 


31 


1 li 


1 2 


9 7 


64 


54 


44 


.0 94 


6 


10| 


10 


2 


24 


2| 


14 


6| 


1 Oi 


2 42 


15 4| 


1 11 


4 3| 


2 2i 


1 114 


1 24 


94 


8i 


1 01 


82 


1 3i 


6 


5 4 


7 8 


4 42 



* £4,786. 5s. lOd, by special vote. 



TABLE I. (d.) 



Showing amounts paid, and averages per Member for working expense? 


, and the total 






expenditure each year fr 


om 1832 


bo 1908 inclusive. 








O j; 


ALL OTHER EXPENSES. 


TOTAL EXPENDITURE. 


Year. 




Average per 




Average per 


6a 




Member. 




Mtmber. 




^ '^ 


Amount. 






Amount. 








s 




Per 

Year. 


Per 

Week. 




Per Year. 


Per ' 
Week. 






£ s. a. 


s. d. 


d. 


£ s. d. 


£ s. d. 


s. d. 


1832 


1,191 








1,515 2 2 


1 5 51 


5i 


1833 


1,332 


226 "9 3 


'h"Al 


61 


2,106 11 9 


1 11 6| 


71 


1834 


1,671 


486 5 24 


5 9| 


i| 


2,243 18 8 


1 6 101 
1 4 2I 


61 


1835 


1,987 


612 8J 


6 2 


14 


2,404 10 10 


51 


1836 


2,263 


661 14 4^ 


5 lOi 


li 


2,445 10 6 


1 1 71 


5 


1837 


2,355 


2,104 3 5i 


17 104 


4 


9,351 18 4 


3 19 5 


1 61 


1838 


3,220 


475 17 5* 


2 114 


of 


7,036 5 3 


2 3 81 


10 


1839 


3,412 


1,394 6 11 


8 2 


2 


8,126 12 lOi 


2 7 74 


11 


1840 


3,498 


2,477 4 2 


14 2 


31 


11,457 8 5 


3 5 6 


1 3 


1841 


2,962 


1,780 10 6 


12 01 


93 


9,668 6 24 


3 5 3i 


1 3 


1842 


2,427 


943 11 6* 


7 9J 


if 


6,096 9 


2 10 2f 


114 


1843 


2,745 


495 6| 


3 7i 


oi 


4,106 16 3 


1 9 11 


61 


1844 


3,461 


520 


3 


Oi 


5,649 3 9 


1 12 7| 


74 


1846 


4,216 


1,334 2 10 


6 4 


u 


4,970 2 6 


1 3 7 


5i 


1846 


4,463 


1,497 1 7 


6 8A 


14 


6,095 9 11 


1 7 3| 


6i 


1847 


4,638 


918 8 1 


3 \\h 


1 


15,632 9 44 


3 7 5 


1 34 


1848 


4,343 


1,284 2 lOj 


6 4" 


lA 


27,709 3 10 


6 7 7i 


2 51 


1849 


3,958 


1,280 44 


6 54 


lA 


16,410 16 24 


4 2 11 


1 7" 


1850 


4,073 


2,041 10 OA 


10 OJ 


2| 


11,995 8 04 


2 18 101 


1 14 


1851 


4,585 


1,512 7 7^ 


6 7J 


14 


9,813 64 


2 2 9* 


9i 


1852 


4,445 


1,316 17 4A 


5 104 


IJ 


18,112 18 9 


4 16" 


1 61 


1853 


4,894 


2,102 9 If 


8 51 


2 


8,007 6 7i 


1 12 14 


74 


1854 


5,335 


2,103 9 11 


7 10| 


1| 


10,361 19 24 


1 18 101 


9 


1855 


5,685 


2,377 1 Ui 


8 4i 


2 


16,392 12 11 


2 17 8 


1 li 


1856 


6,116 


2,672 6 Oi 


8 8| 


2 


15,931 14 41 


2 12 1 


1 


1857 


6,421 


1,668 8 1 


5 21 


IJ 


17,199 8 


2 13 6| 


1 Oi 


1858 


6,637 


2,146 13 6 


6 5| 


14 


24,578 11 34 


3 14 Oi 


1 5 


1859 


7,317 


2,910 6 7| 


7 114 


1| 


13,988 10 8| 


1 18 2| 


8| 


1860 


7,973 


2,687 7 111 


6 9 


14 


11,589 16 11 


1 9 Of 


6| 


1861 


8,229 


2,356 17 


5 8| 


1| 


20,095 14 2 


2 8 10 


Hi 


1862 


8,458 


3,844 5 94 


9 1 


2 


29,337 10 1 


3 9 44 


1 4 


1863 


8,840 


2,989 7 4 


6 21 


14 


23,872 11 04 


2 14 


1 04 


1864 


9,723 


3,413 3 6f 


7 04 


14 


22,344 16 4| 


2 5 114 


104 


1865 


10,604 


3,054 4 64 


5 9 


li 


20,525 7 81 


1 18 84 


9 


1866 


11,121 


5,293 10 2k 


8 10 


2 


30,459 15 2 


2 14 9i 


1 Of 


1867 


10,839 


4,291 lOA 


7 11 


1| 


52.539 11 1 


4 16 Hi 


1 lOi 


1868 


9.853 


4,197 16 4| 


8 61 


9 


43,950 18 Oi 


4 9 24 


1 84 


1869 


8,990 


2,983 18 1| 


6 71 


14 


34,991 4 0| 


3 17 10 


1 6 


1870 


8,994 


4,872 13 10 


10 10 


24 


26.056 4 2 


2 17 Hi 


1 1* 
81 


1871 


10,019 


3,217 10 51 


6 5 


I4 


19,172 1 01 


1 18 31 


1872 


10,634 


2,603 5 4 


4 10| 


li 


15,446 12 24 


1 9 04 


6i 


1873 


11,512 


2,967 6 51 


5 If 


li 


22,864 8 01 


1 19 8i 


9i 


1874 


11,925 


3,188 17 4i 


5 4i 


li 


27,143 2 91 


2 5 6i 


lOi 


1875 


12,336 


3,462 5 7| 


5 7i 


li 


28,008 9 0^ 


2 5 5 


104 


1876 


12,627 


3,256 5 7| 


5 2 


li 


34,938 17 103 


2 15 4 


1 Oi 


1877 


12,612 


3,508 11 1 


5 6| 


li 


42,424 15 4 


3 7 3i 


1 34 


1878 


12,620 


3,769 13 5h 


5 Hi 


14 


56,979 4 114 


4 10 li 


1 8| 


1879 


• 12,276 


4,029 6 04 


6 6| 


14 


80,089 6 8 


6 10 5| 


2 6 


1880 


11,580 


3,780 9 5| 


6 6i 


14 


41,301 2 8| 


3 11 4 


1 41 


1881 


11,201 


3,744 19 6| 


6 8i 


14 


36,535 3 81 


3 5 2| 


1 3" 


1882 


11,448 


3,722 16 91 


6 6 


14 


28,037 18 31 


2 8 Hi 


111 


1883 


11,917 


3,859 5 1 


6 51 


1^ 


30,533 18 6 


2 11 3 


111 


1884 


12,415 


3,359 18 2 


5 5 


li 


37,373 17 10 


3 24 


1 2 


1885 


12,376 


3,207 1 51 


5 2| 


li 


45,880 17 84 


3 14 li 


1 5 


1886 


12,037 


3,093 13 


5 1| 


li 


52,218 1 4 


4 6 91 


1 8 


1887 


11,718 


3,144 8 6 


5 44 


li^ 


41,861 15 1 


3 11 51 


1 44 


1888 


12,202 


3,166 5 


5 2i 


li 


32,979 19 3 


2 14 Of 


1 04 


1889 


13,805 


3,187 11 4| 


4 8J 


1 


26,005 3 Hi 


1 17 8 


9i 


1890 


14,821 


3,512 5 10| 


4 9 


li 


30,927 18 01 


2 1 8| 


9| 


1891 


15,291 


3,790 12 9| 


4 114 


li 


41,017 1 7i 


2 13 31 


1 01 


1892 


15,190 


4,252 2 54 


5 11 


li 


55,718 11 114 


3 13 4i 


1 5 


1893 


15,050 


3.835 7 3| 


5 li 


li 


59,723 12 Of 


3 19 44 


1 6i 


1894 


15,195 


4,213 4 24 


5 7 


li 


74,603 6 104 


4 18 24 


1 loi 


1895 


15,176 


4,020 8 11 


5 34 


li 


53,924 15 6 


3 11 Oi 


1 44 


1896 


16,278 


4,011 12 54 


5 \l 


li 


40,996 12 34 


2 12 11 


1 


1897 


16,915 


4,067 19 2| 


4 10| 


li 


62,889 6 5| 


3 15 8i 


1 54 


1898 


17,295 


4,197 3 6i 


4 111 


li 


47,844 9 7i 


2 16 4 


1 1 


1899 


17,971 


4,746 16 51 


5 4| 


It 


39,486 19 93 


2 4 10 


lOi 


1900 


18,357 


4,272 8 1 


4 84 


H^ 


46,410 5 9 


2 11 li 


Hi 


1901 


18,268 


4,286 9 111 


4 8i 


1t^. 


60,219 7 6| 


3 5 lOi 


1 ;^i 


1902 


18,287 


4,234 12 84 


4 74 


Ifg 


65,837 12 41 


3 12 Oi 


1 44 


1903 


18,427 


4,775 13 8| 


5 24 


li 


63,550 8 7 


3 9 24 


1 4 


1904 


18,426 


4,734 2 5# 


5 14 


li 


81,247 4 64 


4 8 Oi 


1 8i 


1905 


18,475 


5,062 11 44 


5 21 


li 


68,684 13 34 


3 14 4i 


1 5 


1906 


19.264 


5,547 5 6| 


5 lOi 


li 


66,817 18 If 


3 10 94 


1 4i 


1907 


19,501 


6,034 13 101 


6 21 


14 


74,930 18 71 


3 16 101 


1 5i 


1908 


19,019 


5,799 4 7 


6 04 


14 


117,561 19 6 


6 2 3i 


2 44 



TABLE II. 

Showing Income and Expenditure for (and Cash in hand end of) each year from 

1882 to 1908. inclusive. 





to 


INCOME. 


EXPENDITURE. 


CA«H IN 
OF 


HAND END 
YEAR. 


Y6<ir 




Average per 




Average per 












Amount. 


Member. 


Amount. 


Member. 


A 




Average 




Per 

Year. 


Per 

Week 


Per 

Year. 


Per 

Week 


Amount. 


per 
Member. 






£ s. d. 


s. 


d. 


,s. d. 


£ s. d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


£ s. 


^7. 


£ s. d. 


1832 


1,191 


2,058 14 6 


34 


65 


8 


1,515 2 2 


25 5i 


5f 


2,346 12 


6 


1 19 42 


1833 


1,332 


2,607 16 11 


39 


I5 


9 


2,106 11 9 


31 6i 


7i 


2,847 17 


8 


2 2 9i 


1834 


1,671 


2,771 14 9 


33 


2 


7-i 


2,243 18 8 


26 lOJ 


6i 


3,375 13 


9 


2 42 


1835 


1,987 


4,787 19 7 


48 


21 


11 


2,404 10 10 


24 24 


5i 


5,759 2 


6 


2 17 114 


1836 


2,263 


4,623 5 9J 


40 


lOi 


91 


2,242 7 6 


21 7i 


5 


8,140 


9i 


3 11 Hi 


1837 


2,355 


8,284 11 6 


70 


44 


I 41 


9,351 18 4 


79 5 


1 6,^ 


7,072 14 


Hi 


3 Of 


1838 


3,220 


6,028 4 10 


37 


5| 


si 


7,036 5 3 


43 8i 


10 


6,064 14 


6i 


1 17 8 


1839 


3,412 


5,896 16 9* 


34 


6| 


8 


8,126 12 lOi 


47 74 


11 


3,834 18 


5i 


1 2 51 


1840 


3,498 


8,529 10 5 


48 


n 


11 1 


11,457 8 5 


65 6 


1 3 


907 


5i 


5 2i 


1841 


2,962 


9,061 5 9 


61 


2i 


1 2 


9,668 6 2.V 


65 3i 


1 3 








1842 


2,427 


6,096 9 Oi 


50 


93 
-'A 


Hi 


6,096 9 


50 2f 


11 








1843 


2,745 


4,106 16 3 


29 


11 


7' 


4,106 16 3 


29 11 


61 








1844 


3,461 


12,210 6J 


70 


6| 


1 4i 


5,649 3 9 


32 7f 


7| 


6,560 16 


94 


117 ii 


1845 


4,216 


9,973 3 1| 


47 


31 


11 


4,970 2 6 


23 7 


5i 


12,931 17 


5 


3 1 4i 


1846 


4,463 


11,619 5 6 


52 


02 


1 


6,095 9 11 


27 3f 


6i 


18,455 13 


Oi 


4 2 84 


1847 


4,638 


13,655 19 2A 


58 


lOf 


1 1^ 


15,632 9 44 


67 5 


1 3i 


16,479 1 


104 


3 11 Of 


1848 


4,343 


11,750 8 Hi 


54 


H 


1 Oi 


27,709 3 10 


127 7i 


2 5i 


520 7 





2 4f 


1849 


3,958 


16,105 8 


81 


44 


1 6| 


16,410 16 24 


82 11 


1 7i 


214 11 


5* 


1 1 


1850 


4,073 


12,265 14 6i 


60 


2| 


1 2 


11,995 8 04 


58 lOf 


1 1' 


485 18 





2 42 


1851 


4,585 


11,325 1 7 


49 


41 


Hi 


9,8L3 6i 


42 9i 


94 


1,997 19 


Oi 


8 84 


1852 


4,445 


20,726 8 10^ 


93 


3 


1 94 


18,112 18 9 


81 6" 


1 6f 


4,611 9 


'> 


10 9 


1853 


4,984 


14,711 12 9 


59 


OJ 


1 14 


8,007 6 7J 


32 14 


7* 


11,315 15 


3f 


2 5 5 


1854 


5,335 


14,409 4 


54 


oi 


1 04 


10,361 19 24 


38 lOi 


9" 


15,363 


IJ 


2 17 7 


1855 


5,685 


13,785 12 5 J 


48 


6 


Hi 


16,392 12 11 


57 8 


1 H 


12,755 19 


74 


2 4 104 


1856 


6,116 


15,639 13 23 


51 


IS 


llf 


15,931 14 4i 


52 1 


1 


12,463 18 


6 


2 9 


1857 


6,421 


16,049 17 Hi 


50 





Hi 


17,199 8 


53 6f 


1 Oi 


11,314 15 


94 


1 15 3 


1858 


6,637 


14,883 17 9 


44 


lOi 


lOi 


24,578 11 34 


74 Of 


1 5 


1,620 2 


3 


4 104 


1859 


7,317 


19,923 12 3 


54 


5i 


1 Oi 


13,988 10 83 


38 2f 


8f 


7,555 3 


7i 


1 71 


1860 


7,973 


20,542 3 4A 


51 


6i 


1 


11,589 16 li 


29 Of 


6f 


16,507 10 


lOi 


2 15 


1861 


8,229 


20,899 7| 


50 


9^ 


llf 


20,(195 14 2 


48 10 


Hi 


17,310 17 


4 


2 2 Of 


1862 


8,458 


20,085 HA 


47 


6 


11 


29,337 10 1 


69 41 


1 4 


8,058 8 


24 


19 Of 


1863 


8,840 


23,722 3| 


53 


8 


1 Oh 


23,872 11 04 


54 


1 04 


7,907 17 


51 


17 101 


1864 


9,723 


29,604 1 1 


60 lOf 


1 2" 


22,344 16 43 


45 114 


104 


15,167 2 


2 


1 11 2i 


1865 


10,604 


32,166 13 li 


60 


8 


1 2 


20,525 7 8i 


38 8i 


9 


26,808 7 


74 


2 10 6f 


1866 


11,121 


31,579 12 lOi^ 


56 


9i 


1 1 


30,459 15 2 


54 91 


1 Of 


27,928 5 


44 


2 10 2| 


1867 


10,839 


29,782 12 l| 


54 


Hi 


1 Of 


52,539 11 1 


56 Hi 


1 loi 


5,171 6 


5i 


9 64 


1868 


9,853 


40,907 14 7h 


83 


Oi 


1 7i 


43,950 18 Oi 


89 2,i 


1 8* 


2,128 3 


Oi 


4 32 


1869 


8,990 


33,513 7 8* 


74 


6J 


1 5h 


34,991 4 Of 


77 10' 


1 6 


650 6 


8i 


1 5i 


1870 


8,994 


31,621 10 7" 


70 


31 


1 4| 


26,056 4 2 


57 Hi 


1 li 


6,215 13 


IJ 


13 9i 


1871 


10,019 


31,421 6 7 


62 


81 


1 2^ 


19,172 1 Oi 


38 3i 


8f 


18,464 18 


8 


1 16 lOi 


1872 


10,634 


34,846 18 8 


65 


6g 


1 3 


15,446 12 24 


29 04 


6f 


37,864 9 


91 


3 11 24 


1873 


11,512 


33,885 17 4 


58 


lOi 


1 li 


22,864 8 Oi 


39 8| 


9i 


48,885 19 


14 


4 4 Hi 


1874 


11,925 


34,800 3 10 


58 


4i 


1 ll 


27,143 2 9i 


45 6i 


104 


56,543 


2i 


4 14 10 


1875 


12,336 


35,136 11 IJ 


56 


Hi 


1 l| 


28,008 9 Of 


45 5 


lOi 


63,671 2 


3i 


5 3 21 


1876 


12,627 


36,663 2 31 


58 


Oi 


1 U 


34,938 17 lOi 


55 4 


1 Of 


65,395 6 


7f 


5 3 7 


1877 


12,612 


36,554 11 la 


57 


114 


1 1^ 


42,424 15 4 


67 3i 


1 3A 


.59,525 2 


54 


4 14 42 


1878 


12,620 


36,348 2 8 


57 


7i 


1 li 


56,979 4 Hi 


9l) If 


1 8f 


38,894 


■ 2 


3 1 71 


1879 


12,276 


43,104 1 4| 


70 


2| 


1 4i 


80,089 6 8 


130 5f 


2 6 


1,908 14 lOi 


3 li 


1880 


11,580 


47,094 19 6| 


81 


4 


1 6i 


41,301 2 8f 


71 4 


1 4* 


7,702 11 


7f 


13 31 


1881 


11,201 


38,777 14 1 


09 


2i 


1 4" 


36,535 3 8i 


65 2f 


1 3 


9,945 2 


04 


17 9 


1882 


11,448 


39,223 13 7i 


68 


el 


1 3| 


28,037 18 3i 


48 llf 


Hi 


21,130 17 


41 


1 16 11 


1883 


11,917 


35,433 10 11^ 


59 


oi 


1 li 


30,533 18 6 


51 3 


llf 


26,030 9 


lOi 


2 3 8i 


1884 


12,415 


31,450 4 l| 


50 


8 


llf 


37,373 17 10 


60 24 


1 2 


2i),106 16 


2i 


1 12 42 


18^5 


12,376 


39,099 4 6A 


63 


•71 

-'4: 


1 2i 


45,880 17 8^ 


74 If 


1 5i 


13,325 3 


Oi 


1 1 64 


1886 


22,037 


44,877 6 3" 


74 


6!^ 


1 5i 


52,218 1 4 


86 9i 


1 8 


5,984 7 


Hi 


9 Hi 


1887 


11,718 


46,259 6 3i 


78 11* 


1 6i 


41,861 15 1 


71 5i 


1 44 


10,381 19 


14 


17 8h 


1888 


12,202 


42,691 2 5| 


69 111 


1 4i 


32,979 19 3 


54 Of 


1 ()i 


20,093 2 


3i 


1 12 Hi 


1889 


13,805 


39,800 9 6| 


57 


8 


1 U 


26,005 3 llf 


37 8 


9f 


33,888 7 lOi 


2 9 3 


1890 


13,821 


44,894 6i 


61 


llj 


1 21 


30,927 18 Oi 


41 8f 


9f 


47,854 10 


44 


347 


1891 


15,291 


46,184 14 Hi 


60 


43 


1 2 


41,017 1 7J 


53 3f 


1 Oi 


53,022 3 


8f 


3 11 Hi 


1892 


15,190 


47,010 3 5" 


61 


103 


1 n 


55,718 H lU 


73 4i 


1 5 


44,313 15 


2i 


2 18 4i 


1893 


15,050 


50,343 11 li 


66 


lOi 


1 3^ 


59,723 12 Of 


79 44 


1 6i 


34,933 14 


21 


2 6 5 


1894 


15,195 


57,352 3 


75 


5| 


1 oh 


74,603 6 lOi 


98 2i 


1 lOf 


17,676 2 


5f 


1 3 3i 


1895 


15,176 


62,501 6 5 


82 


4i 


1 7" 


53,924 15 6 


71 Of 


1 4.V 


26,252 13 


4i 


1 14 7i 


1896 


16,278 


61,085 7 84 


77 


7* 


1 6 


40,996 12 34 


52 li 


1 


46,.341 8 


94 


2 16 Hi 


1897 


16,915 


62,402 18 9^ 


75 


u 


1 5i 


62,889 6 5i 


75 8i 


1 5.^ 


45,855 1 


li 


2 14 24 


1898 


17,295 


70,167 19 6 


82 


74 


1 7 


47,844 9 7i 


56 4 


1 1 


68,178 11 





3 18 10 


1899 


17,971 


62,875 18 2i 


71 


4| 


1 4* 


39,486 19 9f 


44 10 


loi 


91, .567 9 


54 


5 1 10| 
5 16 74 


19,M) 


18,357 


61,890 18 11 


68 


2i 


1 3f 


46,410 5 9 


51 If 


113 


107,048 2 


74 


1901 


18,268 


57.886 6 9 


63 


41 


1 24 


60,219 7 5f 


65 lOf 


1 31 


104,715 1 10| 1 


5 14 71 


1902 


18,287 


61,560 10 4i 


67 


4| 


1 34 


65,837 12 4i 


72 Of 


1 4f 


100.437 19 


104 


5 9 61 


1903 


18,427 


65,914 1 1 


71 


9i 


1 4l 


63,550 8 7 


69 2i 


1 4 


102,801 12 


4i 


5 11 7 


1904 


18,426 


66,528 11 8| 


72 


li 


1 4| 


81,247 4 64 


88 Of 


1 8i 


88,082 19 


6i 


4 15 7i 


1905 


18,474 


69,764 12 6 


75 


Hi 


1 5i 


68.684 13 3* 


74 94 


1 5i 


89,162 18 


9" 


4 16 6i 


1906 


19,164 


68,784 3 6| 


72 


lOi 


1 4| 


66,817 18 li 


70 9i 


1 4i 

1 5i 

2 4i 


91,1-29 4 


2 


4 14 7i 


1907 


19,501 


78,455 13 7'i 


80 


54 


1 64 


74,930 18 7| 


76 lOi 


94,649 3 


5 


4 17 1 


1908 


19,019 


78,757 12 7 


80 11 1 


1 6|| 


117,56119 6 


122 3i 


55,849 12 


3 


2 18 8| 



TABLE III. 

Table showing how the constitution of the Society has been supported, and at what I'ates the 
contributions have been levied on and paid by working members each year from 1809 to 1908 
inclusive. 























£ s. d. 


In 1809 the contribution 


ier month was 










13 


„ 1810, August 














2 3 


„ 1812, February ,, 














13 


„ 1813, August 














19 


„ 1818, 














2 


,, 1827, 














3 


From 1827 to 1850, both 


years inclusive. 


the contribution to the General 




Fund, including levies, has 


ranged from thi 


■ee shillings per 


month up to one 




shilling 


per week, in addition to which there 


has bee 


n a large amount paid in 




the shape of auxiliary levies 
















Ye,^r. 


Contribu- 
tion. 


Reprts. 


Acci- 
dent 


Auxili- 
ary 


Special 
Levies. 


Bene- 
volent 


Emi- 
gration 


General 
Fund 


Totals. 






Levies. 


Levies. 


Levies. 


Levies. 


Levies. 






£ s. d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


s. d. 


.<?. d. 


s. d. 


£ s. d. 


£ s. d. 


1851 


2 12 


4 














1 


2 13 4 


1852 


2 13 


4 




i"o 


• • 








3 2 9 


5 17 1 


1853 


2 12 


4 


4"6 


8 8 












3 5 6 


1854 


2 12 


4 


1 


4 












2 13 8 


1855 


2 12 


4 




1 6 












2 13 10 


1856 


2 12 


4 


i"o 


1 6 












2 14 10 


1857 


2 12 


4 


1 


1 4 


o"ii 










2 14 9A 


1858 


2 13 


1 


1 


1 6 












2 16 6 


1859 


2 12 


1 






o"i 








6 6 


2 19 7 


1860 


2 12 


1 


i"o 


l"'6 












2 15 6 


1861 


2 12 


1 


1 6 


6 












2 15 9 


1862 


2 12 


1 


1 6 


2 










'2 6 


2 19 


1863 


2 12 


1 


1 6 


1 6 










(J 8 8 


3 14 8 


1864 


2 13 


1 


5 








l" 2 


(I 2 4 


3 2 


1865 


2 12 


1 








o"4 


4 2 


4 


3 1 6 


1866 


2 12 


1 


2"0 


0"6 




2 


2 




2 15 10 


1867 


2 12 


1 


3 


6 












2 16 6 


1868 


2 12 


1 


5 








' 




2 6 


5 4 


1869 


2 12 


1 














2 12 


5 5 


1870 


2 13 


1 














2 2 6 


4 16 6 


1871 


2 12 


6 


2"o 












12 8 


3 17 8 


1872 


2 12 


6 


lU 6 






o"2 






8 


3 3 10 


1873 


2 12 


6 




3"g 


1 


5 








2 17 5 


1874 


2 12 


6 


3 3 




1 


4 








2 17 1 


1875 


2 12 


6 




2"o 




4 








2 14 10 


1876 


2 13 


6 




3 6 




.0 4 








2 17 4 


1877 


2 12 n 


6 


3"6 


6 




4 








2 16 10 


1878 


2 12 


6 


2 


2 


o""6 


4 








2 17 4 


1879 


2 12 


6 


6 


6 




4 






19 8 


4 4 6 


1880 


2 12 


6 








4 






2 8 2 


5 10 


1881 


2 13 


6 








4 






16 6 


4 4 


1882 


2 12 


6 


3"3 






4 






19 6 


3 15 7 


1883 


2 12 


8 


9 


9 'O 












3 2 5 


1884 


2 12 


8 
















2 12 8 


1885 


2 12 


8 














10 6 


1 13 2 


1886 


2 12 


8 


3"8 












1 17 2 


4 13 6 


1887 


2 13 


8 














2 9 


5 2 8 


1888 


2 12 


8 


2"o 












19 5 


4 4 1 


1889 


2 13 


8 














13 


3 5 8 


1890 


2 12 


8 


l"'6 




o"6 








13 


3 7 8 


1891 


2 12 


8 






9 








13 


3 6 5 


1892 


2 13 


8 


I'o 




9 








13 3 


3 8 8 


1893 


2 12 


8 


1 




1 








15 6 


4 2 


1894 


2 12 


8 




*9'io 






Extra 


1 14 8 


4 17 2 


1895 


2 12 


8 


2""o 


*2 






Dona- 


2 8 


5 4 8 


1896 


2 12 


8 


1 


*1 8 






tion. 


1 15 4 


4 10 8 


1897 


2 12 


8 


1 6 


*1 1 


o'"6 




6 


16 


4 7 9 


1898 


2 13 


8 


1 3 






t4"6 


12 


16 6 


4 17 11 


1899 


2 12 


8 




*o"3 


o"'6 






16 


3 19 5 


1900 


2 12 


8 


i"o 


Parlia- 


2 






19 9 


3 13 7 


1901 


2 12 


8 


1 


ment'y 


5 




o"5 


13 


3 7 6 


1902 


2 12 


8 


6 


Levy. 


1 2 






110 


3 15 4 


1903 


2 12 


8 


1 


1 




Cont- 


o'"3 


16 


4 11 


1904 


2 13 


8 


1 


1 


o's 


ingent. 


9 


16 6 


4 3 4 


1905 


2 12 


8 


1 


1 


6 4 




1 2 


16 


4 8 2 


1906 


2 12 






1 




l"'3 




16 


4 3 


1907 


2 12 




, , 


1 




13 




16 


4 12 


1908 


2 12 






1 




7 


13' 





1 13 


5 6 



TABLE IV. 



Table 


showing the numerical position of the Society in the various classes of Membership ; 


also 


number of enti 


ances 


, exclusions, 


and deaths, male and femal 


e, from 1832 to 1908, inclusive. 




■class 
bers. 

i-class 


bers. 
-class 


bers. 

ii-class 
bers. 

orarv 


II 

Is 


oad, 

inuated 
bers. 


t>JD 

'a 


lers re- 
on last 
a,ch year 


No. of 
jrs end 
li year. 


No. of Members 
entered in 
each year. 


[embers 
led in 
year. 


Deaths. 


i 




X 




First- 
Mem 

Secon( 


Mem 
Third 


Mem 

Fourtl 
Mem 


o 


Abr 

Superai 
Mem 


Pa; 

Ackno 
me 


Travel 

lieved 

Sat in e; 


Total 
Memb( 
of eacl 


c ^; c3 




S 

fa 


1832 


1 191 




















1,191 






18 


15 


1833 


1,332 




















1,332 






12 


13 


1834 


1,671 




















1,671 . 






14 


9 


1835 


1,987 




















1,987 






12 


20 


1836 


2,252 












11 








2,263 






17 


13 


1887 


2,342 












13 








2,355 






35 


21 


1838 


3,204 












16 








3,220 


983 


76 


42 


28 


1839 


3,394 












18 








3,412 


318 


88 


38 


12 


1840 


' 3,478 












20 








3,498 


283 


173 


24 


16 


1841 


2,944 












18 








2,962 


6 


507 


35 


22 


1842 


2,413 












14 








2,427 




459 


30 


43 


1843 


2,728 












17 








2,745 


419 


75 


26 


22 


1844 


3,446 












15 








3,461 


914 


176 


22 


15 


1845 


4,201 












15 








4,216 


959 


181 


23 


23 


1846 


4,449 












14 








4,463 


424 


147 


30 


26 


1847 


3,920 5 









] 


L8 4 


2 26 


47 


535 


4,638 


433 


208 


50 


21 


1848 


4,152 5 


2 






] 


L8 6 


4 26 


31 




4,343 


123 


378 


40 


36 


1849 


3,586 5 


1 








7 5 


4 30 


32 




3,958 


193 


530 


48 


31 


1850 


3,879 5 









1 


L2 7 


1 33 


28 




4,073 


422 


246 


61 


55 


1851 


4,329 6 


4 








6 6 


26 


36 


64 


4,585 


704 


145 


47 


33 


1852 


4,264 5 











LO 6 


2 32 


27 




4,445 


199 


344 


42 


35 


1853 


4,759 6 


4 








9 6 


8 33 


31 


20 


4,984 


878 


195 


63 


28 


1854 


4,689 6 


5 ; 


30 61 




7 4 


5 56 


31 


45 


5,335 


685 


311 


32 


25 


1855 


5,228 8 


5 


12 114 




6 4 


1 58 


34 


77 


5,685 


538 


256 


44 


41 


1856 


5,575 8 


9 


59 129 




L3 4 


4 62 


30 


115 


6,116 


818 


207 


51 


37 


1857 


5,672 16 





J6 150 




17 7 


1 80 


43 


172 


6,421 


678 


304 


39 


28 


1858 


6,022 11 


5 


-5 138 




12 6 


8 88 


36 


83 


6,637 


472 


255 


61 


48 


1859 


6,815 10 





IS 65 




12 5 


9 94 


56 


33 


7,317 


762 


317 


73 


35 


1860 


7,542 9 





55 28 




16 5 


1 95 


46 


50 


7,973 


1,160 


259 


62 


49 


1861 


7,744 9 


7 


51 8 




24 5 


5 98 


40 


112 


8,229 


773 


316 


62 


55 


1862 


7,973 8 


6 


52 






19 7 


2 105 


59 


92 


8,458 


594 


344 


61 


66 


1863 


8,386 7 


3 


i3 






19 19 


9 110 


74 


37 


8,840 


745 


381 


79 


64 


1864 


9,160 7 





35 






18 11 


7 117 


110 


46 


9,723 


1,306 


376 


111 


87 


1865 


10,034 7 


2 1 


D2 






15 13 


1 114 


95 


41 


10,604 


792 


172 


55 


28 


1866 


10,404 6 


7 1 


29 






20 16 


9 115 


115 


102 


11,121 


1,534 


552 


178 


126 


1867 


10,100 5 


9 1 


31 






B2 23 


134 


60 


93 


10,839 


540 


491 


92 


75 


1868 


9,126 5 


1 


54 






27 19 


161 


62 


83 


9,853 


322 


993 


109 


76 


1869 


8,209 4 


6 1 


79 






20 21 


8 162 


59 


97 


8,990 


297 


871 


97 


92 


1870 


8,241 3 


7 2 


16 






19 18 


9 163 


86 


33 


8,994 


804 


623 


124 


62 


1871 


9,308 3 


8 2( 


36 






24 14 


184 


114 


5 


10,019 


1,523 


373 


111 


66 


1872 


10,487 3 


8 2 


30 






32 13 


2 183 


157 


21 


10,634 


1,734 


377 


115 


65 


1873 


10,882 3 


3 2. 


37 






32 18 


5 193 


168 


45 


11,512 


1,146 


413 


148 


81 


1874 


11,170 2 


8 2 


56 






31 13 


9 224 


198 


51 


11,925 


954 


438 


132 


108 


1875 


11,669 3 


2< 


30 






38 11 


234 


177 


44 


12,336 


965 


304 


150 


117 


1876 


11,717 2 


7 3' 


18 






36 9 


5 253 


147 


60 


12,627 


822 


425 


141 


114 


1877 


11,618 2 


3 3 


34 






11 g 


8 269 


111 


118 


12,612 


755 


399 


155 


103 


1878 


11,656 2 


3f 


32 






14 lU 


271 


86 


100 


12,620 


606 


374 


163 


92 


1879 


10,721 1 


6 4 


14 






16 23 


4 287 


70 


126 


12,276 


337 


826 


174 


109 


1880 


10,082 1 


3 4- 


LO 






51 22 


5 417 


79 


70 


11,580 


396 


862 


119 


91 


1881 


9,973 1 


2 4( 


38 Tn 


ide 




i5 25 


9 344 


122 


56 


11,201 


662 


454 


173 


103 


1882 


10,254 1 


2 3' 


17 Mem- 




39 25 


8 372 


93 


43 


11,448 


834 


412 


138 


88 


1883 


10,707 1 


2 3( 


35 bers. 




11 23 


6 371 


128 


57 


11,917 


943 


331 


153 


116 


1884 


11,232 1 


2 3 


(3 49 




12 17 


3 361 


110 


63 


12,415 


992 


306 


149 


97 


1885 


11,027 1 


2 3< 


34 83 




12 17 


2 436 


139 


71 


12,376 


716 


452 


177 


135 


1886 


10,585 1 


4- 


15 67 




52 24 


9 493 


85 


71 


12,037 


454 


686 


160 


110 


1887 


10,221 


5 4' 


17 72 




16 28 


1 518 


84 


64 


11,718 


559 


612 


176 


115 


1888 


10,752 


2 4i 


IS 100 




38 21 


3 537 


121 


16 


12,202 


1,077 


430 


180 


98 


1889 


12,282 


3 4: 


30 217 




17 14 


4 535 


140 


7 


13,805 


2,110 


341 


175 


100 


1890 


13,158 


4 4( 


37 385 




37 11 


7 543 


146 


24 


14,821 


1,719 


453 


217 


137 


1891 


13,506 


2 4 


L4 457 




34 12 


6 548 


135 


69 


15,291 


1,227 


527 


245 


138 


1892 


13,396 


1 4' 


10 398 




38 13 


2 609 


112 


84 


15,190 


856 


633 


211 


149 


1893 


13,285 


1 4] 


LI 356 




37 11 


8 688 


85 


69 


15,050 


840 


698 


193 


139 


1894 


13,451 


1 4( 


35 326 




to 9 


8 714 


88 


72 


15,195 


1,031 


679 


197 


133 


1895 


13,465 


4( 


35 305 




37 IC 


7 741 


76 


40 


15,176 


1,017 


735 


219 


155 


1896 


14,521 


3i 


37 356 




39 7 


5 765 


106 


29 


16,278 


1,811 


497 


203 


135 


1897 


15,127 


3' 


J7 376 




38 7 


1 796 


92 


38 


16,915 


1,384 


541 


233 


166 


1898 


15,524 


3' 


rO 334 




32 7 


831 


109 


25 


17,295 


1.330 


737 


204 


122 


1899 


16,151 


3( 


35 326 




39 5 


6 869 


146 


19 


17,971 


i;478 


537 


238 


134 


1900 


16,419 


3. 


59 299 




13 8 


911 


202 


44 


18,357 


1,201 


580 


260 


169 


1901 


16,312 


2t 


32 362 




34 8 


7 978 


171 


62 


18,268 


966 


613 


237 


160 


1902 


16,252 


3( 


56 235 




10 10 


4 1,049 


163 


78 


18,287 


900 


701 


266 


158 


1903 


16,290 


3f 


35 211 




39 16 


1,116 


154 


92 


18,427 


1,162 


640 


231 


157 


1904 


16,218 


3( 


37 180 




11 17 


8 1,211 


131 


100 


18,426 


965 


675 


254 


157 


1905 


16,429 


3; 


38 167 




18 18 


8 1,225 


32 


47 


18,474 


1,082 


728 


233 


118 


1906 


17,187 19 


4 1^ 


t4 147 




55 22 


3 1,234 


33 


49 


19,264 


1,665 


616 


271 


172 


1907 


17,396 20 


4 1] 


15 124 




50 23 


1,279 


34 


69 


19,501 


1,193 


648 


251 


158 


1908 


16,842 20 


8 1] 


L4 11 


7 




52 33 


2 1,336 


25 


93 


19,019 


690 


805 


245 


174 



TABLE V. 

Showing amounts paid for each Benefit for the number of years stated ; also the 

averages per member. 



c*~ 






Average 
Yearly No. 

of 
Members. 



Kinds of Benefits paid 
to Members. 



Amounts P;ud. 



Average per 
Member 
per Year. 



Average 

per 

Member 

per Weelc. 



78 
78 
77 
72 
73 
64 
46 
76 



9,836 
9,836 
9,949 
10,523 
10,409 
11,149 
13,732 
10,079 



Donation 

Sick 

Funerals 

Superannuation . 

Dispute 

Accidents 

Benevolent 

Working ex.penses 

L. 



£ s. 

1,186,958 

383.391 18 

116,822 4 

384,305 12 

75,824 4 

50,474 6 

10,350 3 

229,675 18 



2 


3| 



1 


s. 
10 


Hi 





10 








3 


0* 





10 


If 





2 








1 


6| 








4 





6 






s. 


d. 





7* 





^i 





Of 





2i 





oi 





H 





0^ 





H 



TABLE VI. 

Showing Total Income and Expenditure for 78 years, and Cash on Hand 

end of December, 1908. 



No. of 
Years. 



Average 
Yearly 
No. of 

Members. 



Income, Expenditure, 
and Casli on Hand. 



Total Amounts. 



Average per 
Member 
per Year. 



Average 

per 

Member 

per Week. 



78 
78 

Year 
1908 



9836 

9836 
No. of 
Members. 
19019 



Income . . . . 
Expenditure 

Cash on hand 



£ 



s. d. £ s 



2,514,166 10 

2,458,316 18 



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Average per 
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1 35 
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